蜜蜂的遗传起源和气候对瓦螨患病率及感染水平的影响。
Effects of Genetic Origin of Honeybees and Climate on Prevalence and Infestation Levels of Varroa.
作者信息
García-Figueroa Claudia, Ramírez-Ramírez Francisco Javier, Alvarado-Avila Laura Yavarik, Arechavaleta-Velasco Miguel Enrique
机构信息
Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Fisiología y Mejoramiento Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Querétaro 76280, Mexico.
出版信息
Animals (Basel). 2023 Oct 20;13(20):3277. doi: 10.3390/ani13203277.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of honeybee genetic origin, climate type and the interactions between these variables on the prevalence and infestation levels of Varroa in a large population of honeybee colonies (n = 1134). For each colony, the morphotype, haplotype and climate type were determined. No differences between the Africanized, European and Hybrid morphotypes were found for the prevalence and infestation levels of Varroa ( > 0.05). Differences between honeybee haplotypes were found for the prevalence of Varroa ( < 0.05), and the prevalence was higher in the African haplotype than in the European haplotype. No differences between honeybee haplotypes were found for the infestation levels of Varroa ( > 0.05). Differences were found between climate type for the prevalence and infestation levels of Varroa ( < 0.05): the temperate sub-humid climate had a higher prevalence and higher infestation levels than the semi-warm climate and the warm sub-humid climate. Correlations between the infestation levels of Varroa and mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, winter precipitation and Lang index were found.
本研究的目的是评估蜜蜂的遗传起源、气候类型以及这些变量之间的相互作用对大量蜂群（n = 1134）中瓦螨的患病率和感染水平的影响。对于每个蜂群，确定其形态型、单倍型和气候类型。在瓦螨的患病率和感染水平方面，未发现非洲化、欧洲和杂交形态型之间存在差异（> 0.05）。在瓦螨的患病率方面发现了蜜蜂单倍型之间的差异（< 0.05），并且非洲单倍型的患病率高于欧洲单倍型。在瓦螨的感染水平方面未发现蜜蜂单倍型之间存在差异（> 0.05）。在瓦螨的患病率和感染水平方面发现了气候类型之间的差异（< 0.05）：温带亚湿润气候的患病率和感染水平高于半温暖气候和温暖亚湿润气候。发现了瓦螨的感染水平与年平均温度、年平均降水量、冬季降水量和朗氏指数之间的相关性。
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