Department of Animal Production and Health, Veterinary Public Health and Food Science and Technology, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, CEU Universities, Calle Santiago Ramón y Cajal 20, Alfara del Patriarca, 45115 Valencia, Spain.
Institute for Animal Science and Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Oct 15;24(20):15201. doi: 10.3390/ijms242015201.
Bacteriophage therapy is considered one of the most promising tools to control zoonotic bacteria, such as , in broiler production. Phages exhibit high specificity for their targeted bacterial hosts, causing minimal disruption to the niche microbiota. However, data on the gut environment's response to phage therapy in poultry are limited. This study investigated the influence of phage on host physiology through caecal microbiota and metabolome modulation using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing and an untargeted metabolomics approach. We employed 24 caecum content samples and 24 blood serum samples from 4-, 5- and 6-week-old broilers from a previous study where phages were administered via feed in -infected broilers, which were individually weighed weekly. Phage therapy did not affect the alpha or beta diversity of the microbiota. Specifically, we observed changes in the relative abundance of 14 out of the 110 genera using the PLS-DA and Bayes approaches. On the other hand, we noted changes in the caecal metabolites (63 and 37 out of the 1113 caecal metabolites). Nevertheless, the minimal changes in blood serum suggest a non-significant physiological response. The application of phages under production conditions modulates the caecal microbiome and metabolome profiles in broilers without impacting the host physiology in terms of growth performance.
噬菌体疗法被认为是控制人畜共患病细菌（如 ）的最有前途的工具之一，在肉鸡生产中。噬菌体对其靶向细菌宿主表现出高度特异性，对生态位微生物群的干扰最小。然而，关于噬菌体治疗对家禽肠道环境的影响的数据有限。本研究通过高通量 16S rRNA 基因测序和非靶向代谢组学方法，研究了噬菌体通过调节盲肠微生物群和代谢组对宿主生理学的影响。我们使用了 24 个盲肠内容物样本和 24 个来自 4、5 和 6 周龄肉鸡的血清样本，这些肉鸡来自之前的一项研究，在该研究中，噬菌体通过饲料在感染的肉鸡中给药，每周对肉鸡进行单独称重。噬菌体治疗并未影响微生物群的 alpha 或 beta 多样性。具体来说，我们使用 PLS-DA 和 Bayes 方法观察到 110 个属中的 14 个相对丰度发生了变化。另一方面，我们注意到盲肠代谢物（1113 个盲肠代谢物中有 63 个和 37 个）发生了变化。然而，血清中的微小变化表明生理反应不显著。在生产条件下应用 噬菌体调节了肉鸡盲肠微生物群和代谢组谱，而在生长性能方面对宿主生理学没有影响。
