Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Oct 21;24(20):15418. doi: 10.3390/ijms242015418.
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is a biophysical process that mediates the precise and complex spatiotemporal coordination of cellular processes. Proteins and nucleic acids are compartmentalized into micron-scale membrane-less droplets via LLPS. These droplets, termed biomolecular condensates, are highly dynamic, have concentrated components, and perform specific functions. Biomolecular condensates have been observed to organize diverse key biological processes, including gene transcription, signal transduction, DNA damage repair, chromatin organization, and autophagy. The dysregulation of these biological activities owing to aberrant LLPS is important in cardiovascular diseases. This review provides a detailed overview of the regulation and functions of biomolecular condensates, provides a comprehensive depiction of LLPS in several common cardiovascular diseases, and discusses the revolutionary therapeutic perspective of modulating LLPS in cardiovascular diseases and new treatment strategies relevant to LLPS.
液-液相分离（LLPS）是一种介导细胞过程精确和复杂的时空调控的生物物理过程。蛋白质和核酸通过 LLPS 分隔到微米级的无膜液滴中。这些液滴被称为生物分子凝聚物，具有高度动态性、浓缩成分和执行特定功能。生物分子凝聚物已被观察到组织多种关键的生物学过程，包括基因转录、信号转导、DNA 损伤修复、染色质组织和自噬。由于异常的 LLPS 导致这些生物学活性的失调在心血管疾病中很重要。本综述详细概述了生物分子凝聚物的调控和功能，全面描述了几种常见心血管疾病中的 LLPS，并讨论了调节心血管疾病中 LLPS 的革命性治疗观点以及与 LLPS 相关的新治疗策略。
