Rowan Sean, Mohseni Nazleen, Chang Mariann, Burger Hannah, Peters Mykah, Mir Sheema
College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
Life (Basel). 2023 Oct 13;13(10):2048. doi: 10.3390/life13102048.
Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) have become a significant public health concern in the United States over the past few decades. The increasing incidence and geographical spread of these diseases have prompted the implementation of robust surveillance systems to monitor their prevalence, distribution, and impact on human health. This comprehensive review describes key disease features with the geographical distribution of all known tick-borne pathogens in the United States, along with examining disease surveillance efforts, focusing on strategies, challenges, and advancements. Surveillance methods include passive and active surveillance, laboratory-based surveillance, sentinel surveillance, and a One Health approach. Key surveillance systems, such as the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS), TickNET, and the Tick-Borne Disease Laboratory Network (TBDLN), are discussed. Data collection and reporting challenges, such as underreporting and misdiagnosis, are highlighted. The review addresses challenges, including lack of standardization, surveillance in non-human hosts, and data integration. Innovations encompass molecular techniques, syndromic surveillance, and tick surveillance programs. Implications for public health cover prevention strategies, early detection, treatment, and public education. Future directions emphasize enhanced surveillance networks, integrated vector management, research priorities, and policy implications. This review enhances understanding of TBD surveillance, aiding in informed decision-making for effective disease prevention and control. By understanding the current surveillance landscape, public health officials, researchers, and policymakers can make informed decisions to mitigate the burden of (TBDs).
在过去几十年里，蜱传疾病（TBDs）已成为美国一个重大的公共卫生问题。这些疾病发病率的上升及其地理分布范围的扩大，促使美国实施了强有力的监测系统，以监测其流行情况、分布状况及其对人类健康的影响。这篇全面综述描述了美国所有已知蜱传病原体的关键疾病特征及其地理分布，同时审视了疾病监测工作，重点关注策略、挑战和进展。监测方法包括被动和主动监测、基于实验室的监测、哨点监测以及“同一健康”方法。文中讨论了一些关键监测系统，如国家法定传染病监测系统（NNDSS）、蜱虫监测网络（TickNET）和蜱传疾病实验室网络（TBDLN）。文中强调了数据收集和报告方面的挑战，如报告不足和误诊。该综述阐述了一些挑战，包括缺乏标准化、对非人类宿主的监测以及数据整合。创新包括分子技术、症候群监测和蜱虫监测项目。对公共卫生的影响涵盖预防策略、早期检测、治疗和公众教育。未来方向强调加强监测网络、综合病媒管理、研究重点和政策影响。这篇综述增进了对蜱传疾病监测的理解，有助于在疾病预防和控制方面做出明智决策。通过了解当前的监测情况，公共卫生官员、研究人员和政策制定者可以做出明智决策，以减轻蜱传疾病的负担。
