Cerisola Federico, Mayo Franco, Roncaglia Augusto J
Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina.
Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina.
Entropy (Basel). 2023 Oct 11;25(10):1439. doi: 10.3390/e25101439.
In this article, we introduce a quasiprobability distribution of work that is based on the Wigner function. This proposal rests on the idea that the work conducted on an isolated system can be coherently measured by coupling the system to a quantum measurement apparatus. In this way, a quasiprobability distribution of work can be defined in terms of the Wigner function of the apparatus. This quasidistribution contains the information of the work statistics and also holds a clear operational definition that can be directly measured in a real experiment. Moreover, it is shown that the presence of quantum coherence in the energy eigenbasis is related with the appearance of features related to non-classicality in the Wigner function such as negativity and interference fringes. On the other hand, from this quasiprobability distribution, it is straightforward to obtain the standard two-point measurement probability distribution of work and also the difference in average energy for initial states with coherences.
在本文中，我们介绍一种基于维格纳函数的功的准概率分布。该提议基于这样一种观点，即通过将孤立系统与量子测量装置耦合，可以对该系统所做的功进行相干测量。通过这种方式，可以根据装置的维格纳函数来定义功的准概率分布。这种准分布包含了功统计的信息，并且还具有一个清晰的可在实际实验中直接测量的操作定义。此外，研究表明能量本征基中量子相干的存在与维格纳函数中与非经典性相关的特征（如负性和干涉条纹）的出现有关。另一方面，从这种准概率分布中，可以直接得到功的标准两点测量概率分布，以及具有相干性的初始态的平均能量差。
