Yathavan Bhuvanesh, Chhibber Tanya, Steinhauff Douglas, Pulsipher Abigail, Alt Jeremiah A, Ghandehari Hamidreza, Jafari Paris
Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
Utah Center for Nanomedicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
Pharmaceutics. 2023 Oct 5;15(10):2426. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102426.
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a chronic health condition affecting the sinonasal cavity. CRS-associated mucosal inflammation leads to sinonasal epithelial cell death and epithelial cell barrier disruption, which may result in recurrent bacterial infections and biofilm formation. For patients who fail medical management and elect endoscopic sinus surgery for disease control, bacterial biofilm formation is particularly detrimental, as it reduces the efficacy of surgical intervention. Effective treatments that prevent biofilm formation in post-operative patients in CRS are currently limited. To address this unmet need, we report the controlled release of silver nanoparticles (AgNps) with silk-elastinlike protein-based polymers (SELPs) to prevent bacterial biofilm formation in CRS. This polymeric network is liquid at room temperature and forms a hydrogel at body temperature, and is hence, capable of conforming to the sinonasal cavity upon administration. SELP hydrogels demonstrated sustained AgNp and silver ion release for the studied period of three days, potent in vitro antibacterial activity against (**** < 0.0001) and (**** < 0.0001), two of the most commonly virulent bacterial strains observed in patients with post-operative CRS, and high cytocompatibility with human nasal epithelial cells. Antibacterial controlled release platform shows promise for treating patients suffering from prolonged sinonasal cavity infections due to biofilms.
慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS）是一种影响鼻窦腔的慢性健康状况。CRS相关的黏膜炎症会导致鼻窦上皮细胞死亡和上皮细胞屏障破坏，这可能会引发反复的细菌感染和生物膜形成。对于药物治疗失败并选择内镜鼻窦手术来控制疾病的患者，细菌生物膜形成尤其有害，因为它会降低手术干预的效果。目前，针对CRS术后患者预防生物膜形成的有效治疗方法有限。为了满足这一未被满足的需求，我们报道了基于丝弹性蛋白样聚合物（SELPs）的银纳米颗粒（AgNps）控释，以预防CRS中的细菌生物膜形成。这种聚合物网络在室温下呈液态，在体温下形成水凝胶，因此在给药后能够贴合鼻窦腔。在为期三天的研究期间，SELP水凝胶显示出AgNp和银离子的持续释放，对两种在CRS术后患者中最常见的强毒力菌株具有强大的体外抗菌活性（****<0.0001），并且与人鼻上皮细胞具有高度的细胞相容性。抗菌控释平台有望治疗因生物膜导致鼻窦腔长期感染的患者。
