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基于实验设计的环氧树脂及碳纤维增强环氧树脂聚合物复合材料的防火性能优化

Design of Experiments-Based Fire Performance Optimization of Epoxy and Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Polymer Composites.

作者信息

Pöhler Christoph M, Hamza Marwa, Kolb Torsten, Bachtiar Erik V, Yan Libo, Kasal Bohumil

机构信息

Centre for Light and Environmentally-Friendly Structures, Fraunhofer Institute for Wood Research Wilhelm-Klauditz-Institut WKI, 38108 Braunschweig, Germany.

Independent Researcher, 38108 Braunschweig, Germany.

出版信息

Polymers (Basel). 2023 Oct 16;15(20):4096. doi: 10.3390/polym15204096.

DOI:10.3390/polym15204096
PMID:37896342
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10610378/
Abstract

The fire performance of epoxy and carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with and without fire retardants (FR) (i.e., ammonium polyphosphate (APP), aluminum trihydroxide (ATH), melamine (MEL), expandable graphite (EG)) was investigated. A design of experiment (DoE) approach was applied to study the single- and multifactorial effects of FR. The fire performance of epoxy and CFRP was evaluated by limiting the oxygen index (LOI) and heat release, which were obtained by limiting the oxygen index test and cone calorimetry. It was found that mixtures of 70 wt.-% epoxy, 24.6 wt.-% of APP, and 5.4 wt.-% MEL resulted in the highest LOI level of 45 within tested groups for epoxy resin and also for CFRP specimens (LOI level of 39). This mixture also resulted in the lowest average heat release rate (HRR) of 104 kW·m and a spec. total heat release (THR) of 1.14 MJ·m·g, indicating the importance of balancing spumific and charring agents in intumescent systems and synergy thereof.

摘要

研究了添加和未添加阻燃剂（即聚磷酸铵（APP）、氢氧化铝（ATH）、三聚氰胺（MEL）、可膨胀石墨（EG））的环氧树脂和碳纤维增强聚合物（CFRP）复合材料的燃烧性能。采用实验设计（DoE）方法研究阻燃剂的单因素和多因素影响。通过极限氧指数（LOI）和热释放来评估环氧树脂和CFRP的燃烧性能，这些数据通过极限氧指数测试和锥形量热法获得。结果发现，对于环氧树脂测试组以及CFRP试样（LOI水平为39），70重量百分比的环氧树脂、24.6重量百分比的APP和5.4重量百分比的MEL的混合物导致最高LOI水平达到45。该混合物还导致最低平均热释放速率（HRR）为104 kW·m以及比总热释放（THR）为1.14 MJ·m·g，这表明在膨胀型体系中平衡发泡剂和炭化剂及其协同作用的重要性。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/07a3/10610378/e8227a562cff/polymers-15-04096-g012.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/07a3/10610378/dad3390ce5be/polymers-15-04096-g011.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/07a3/10610378/e8227a562cff/polymers-15-04096-g012.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/07a3/10610378/6402ae690c75/polymers-15-04096-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/07a3/10610378/72b07f66726b/polymers-15-04096-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/07a3/10610378/9f0704a384e7/polymers-15-04096-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/07a3/10610378/c4f71f8d49ad/polymers-15-04096-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/07a3/10610378/076a4a642c85/polymers-15-04096-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/07a3/10610378/e1117e9157fc/polymers-15-04096-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/07a3/10610378/4a7a5f563184/polymers-15-04096-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/07a3/10610378/bd15cd9b4185/polymers-15-04096-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/07a3/10610378/a4485647dc45/polymers-15-04096-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/07a3/10610378/4a1b7fe05cce/polymers-15-04096-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/07a3/10610378/dad3390ce5be/polymers-15-04096-g011.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/07a3/10610378/e8227a562cff/polymers-15-04096-g012.jpg

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本文引用的文献

1
Thermal Stability, Fire Performance, and Mechanical Properties of Natural Fibre Fabric-Reinforced Polymer Composites with Different Fire Retardants.不同阻燃剂的天然纤维织物增强聚合物复合材料的热稳定性、燃烧性能及力学性能
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