Mendoza-Cano Oliver, Trujillo Xóchitl, Ríos-Silva Mónica, Lugo-Radillo Agustin, Benites-Godínez Verónica, Bricio-Barrios Jaime Alberto, Cuevas-Arellano Herguin Benjamin, Ríos-Bracamontes Eder Fernando, Serrano-Moreno Walter, Cárdenas Yolitzy, Murillo-Zamora Efrén
Facultad de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Colima, km. 9 Carretera Colima-Coquimatlán, Coquimatlán 28400, Mexico.
Centro de Estudios e Investigación en Biocultura, Agroecología, Ambiente y Salud Colima, Ex-Hacienda Nogueras S/N, Nogueras 28450, Mexico.
Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Sep 22;11(10):1512. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11101512.
The global health emergency caused by COVID-19 concluded in May 2023, marking the beginning of an endemic phase. This study aimed to evaluate the association between vaccination status and other patient characteristics and the risk of severe disease during this new endemic period. A nationwide cohort study was conducted in Mexico, where we analyzed data from 646 adults who had received positive confirmation of COVID-19 through PCR testing from May to August 2023. The overall risk of severe symptoms in the study sample was 5.3%. The average time elapsed from the last vaccine shot to symptom onset was over six months in all the immunized groups (1, 2 or 3 vaccine doses). Compared to unvaccinated patients, those with three vaccine doses showed an elevated risk of severe symptoms. Advancing age and various chronic comorbidities (specifically cardiovascular, kidney, and obstructive pulmonary conditions) were associated with a heightened risk of severe COVID-19 manifestations. These findings underscore the ongoing seriousness of COVID-19, even in an endemic phase, underscoring the urgent need for tailored interventions aimed at high-risk patients.
由新冠病毒引起的全球卫生紧急状况于2023年5月结束，标志着地方病阶段的开始。本研究旨在评估疫苗接种状况及其他患者特征与这一新的地方病时期严重疾病风险之间的关联。在墨西哥开展了一项全国性队列研究，我们分析了2023年5月至8月通过聚合酶链反应检测确诊感染新冠病毒的646名成年人的数据。研究样本中出现严重症状的总体风险为5.3%。在所有免疫组（接种1剂、2剂或3剂疫苗）中，从最后一剂疫苗接种到症状出现的平均时间超过6个月。与未接种疫苗的患者相比，接种3剂疫苗的患者出现严重症状的风险更高。年龄增长和各种慢性合并症（特别是心血管疾病、肾脏疾病和阻塞性肺部疾病）与新冠病毒严重表现的风险增加有关。这些发现强调了即使在地方病阶段新冠病毒仍持续具有严重性，凸显了针对高危患者采取针对性干预措施的迫切需求。
