Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, William Henry Duncan Building, University of Liverpool, UK.
MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, UK.
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2023 Dec;83:102130. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102130. Epub 2023 Oct 26.
How functional organisms arise from a single cell is a fundamental question in biology with direct relevance to understanding developmental defects and diseases. Dissecting developmental processes provides the basic, critical framework for understanding disease progression and treatment. Bottom-up approaches to recapitulate formation of various components of the embryo have been effective to probe symmetry-breaking, self-organisation, tissue patterning and morphogenesis. However, these studies have been mostly concerned with axial patterning, which is essentially longitudinal. Can these models generate the appendicular axes? If so, how far can self-organisation take these? Will experimentally induced organisers be required? This short review explores these questions, highlighting how minimal models are essential for understanding patterning and morphogenetic processes.
生物体如何从单个细胞中产生，这是生物学中的一个基本问题，与理解发育缺陷和疾病有直接的关系。解析发育过程为理解疾病进展和治疗提供了基本的、关键的框架。从下到上的方法来重现胚胎的各种成分的形成已经被有效地用于探测对称破缺、自组织、组织模式形成和形态发生。然而，这些研究主要集中在轴向模式形成上，这本质上是纵向的。这些模型能生成附肢轴吗？如果可以，自组织能在多大程度上实现？是否需要实验诱导的组织者？这篇简短的综述探讨了这些问题，强调了最小模型对于理解模式形成和形态发生过程的重要性。
