Departamento de Biologia Molecular - DBM. Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Campus I - Jardim Cidade Universitária, CEP 58059-900 João Pessoa, Brazil.
Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2023 Dec;168:115764. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115764. Epub 2023 Oct 26.
Inflammation is a protective response of the body potentially caused by microbial, viral, or fungal infections, tissue damage, or even autoimmune reactions. The cardinal signs of inflammation are consequences of immunological, biochemical, and physiological changes that trigger the release of pro-inflammatory chemical mediators at the local of the injured site thus, increasing blood flow, vascular permeability, and leukocyte recruitment. The aim of this study is to give an overview of the inflammatory process, focusing on chemical mediators. The literature review was based on a search of journals published between the years 2009 and 2023, regarding the role of major chemical mediators in the inflammatory process and current studies in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy. Some of the recent contributions in the study of inflammatory pathologies and their mediators, including cytokines and chemokines, the kinin system, free radicals, nitric oxide, histamine, cell adhesion molecules, leukotrienes, prostaglandins and the complement system and their role in human health and chronic diseases.
炎症是一种机体的保护反应，可能由微生物、病毒或真菌感染、组织损伤甚至自身免疫反应引起。炎症的主要特征是免疫、生化和生理变化的结果，这些变化会在受伤部位引发促炎化学介质的释放，从而增加血流量、血管通透性和白细胞募集。本研究的目的是概述炎症过程，重点介绍化学介质。文献综述基于对 2009 年至 2023 年间发表的期刊的搜索，内容涉及主要化学介质在炎症过程中的作用以及发病机制、诊断和治疗方面的当前研究。炎症病理学及其介质（包括细胞因子和趋化因子、激肽系统、自由基、一氧化氮、组胺、细胞黏附分子、白三烯、前列腺素和补体系统）的一些最新研究进展，以及它们在人类健康和慢性疾病中的作用。
