Raheb Alireza, Asgari Lajayer Behnam, Senapathi Venkatramanan
Department of Soil Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, B2N 5E3, Canada.
Sci Rep. 2023 Oct 28;13(1):18500. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-45679-y.
Studying total soil carbon (STC), which encompasses organic (SOC) and inorganic carbon (SIC), as well as investigating the influence of soil carbon on other soil properties, is crucial for effective global soil carbon management. This knowledge is invaluable for evaluating carbon sequestration, although its scope is currently limited. Boosting soil carbon sequestration, particularly in arid regions, has direct and indirect implications for achieving over four Sustainable Development Goals: mitigating hunger, extreme poverty, enhancing environmental preservation, and addressing global climate concerns. Research into changes within SOC and SIC across surface and subsurface soils was conducted on aeolian deposits. In this specific case study, two sites sharing similar climates and conditions were chosen as sources of wind-blown sediment parent material. The aim was to discern variations in SOC, SIC, and STC storage in surface and subsurface soils between Sistan and Baluchistan Province (with rapeseed and date orchard cultivation) and Kerman Province (with maize cultivation) in southeastern Iran. The findings highlighted an opposing pattern in SOC and storage concerning soil depth, unlike SIC. The average SOC content was higher in maize cultivation (0.2%) compared to date orchard and rapeseed cultivation (0.11%), attributed to the greater evolution of these arid soils (aridisols) in comparison to the other region (entisols). Conversely, SIC content in the three soil uses demonstrated minimal variation. The mean STC storage was greater in maize cultivation (60.35 Mg ha) than in date orchard (54.67 Mg ha) and rapeseed cultivation (53.42 Mg ha). Within the examined drylands, SIC, originating from aeolian deposits and soil processes, assumes a more prominent role in total carbon storage than SOC, particularly within subsurface soils. Notably, over 90% of total carbon storage exists in the form of inorganic carbon in soils.
研究包括有机碳（SOC）和无机碳（SIC）在内的土壤总碳（STC），以及调查土壤碳对其他土壤性质的影响，对于全球土壤碳的有效管理至关重要。尽管目前其范围有限，但这些知识对于评估碳固存具有重要价值。增加土壤碳固存，特别是在干旱地区，对实现四个以上可持续发展目标具有直接和间接影响：减轻饥饿、极端贫困、加强环境保护以及应对全球气候问题。对风积物表层和亚表层土壤中SOC和SIC的变化进行了研究。在这个具体案例研究中，选择了两个气候和条件相似的地点作为风积沉积物母质的来源。目的是辨别伊朗东南部锡斯坦-俾路支斯坦省（种植油菜籽和枣园）和克尔曼省（种植玉米）表层和亚表层土壤中SOC、SIC和STC储量的差异。研究结果突出了SOC及其储量与土壤深度呈现相反模式，与SIC不同。玉米种植地的平均SOC含量（0.2%）高于枣园和油菜籽种植地（0.11%），这归因于这些干旱土壤（干旱土）比其他地区（新成土）的演化程度更高。相反，三种土壤利用方式下的SIC含量变化极小。玉米种植地的平均STC储量（60.3 Mg/ha）大于枣园（54.67 Mg/ha）和油菜籽种植地（53.42 Mg/ha）。在所研究的旱地中，源自风积物和土壤过程的SIC在总碳储量中所起的作用比SOC更突出, 特别是在亚表层土壤中。值得注意的是，土壤中总碳储量的90%以上以无机碳的形式存在。
