Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
National Great Rivers Research and Education Center, Alton, IL 62024, USA.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2023 Dec 18;378(1892):20220356. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0356. Epub 2023 Oct 30.
Although much evidence exists showing organismal consequences from artificial light at night (ALAN), large knowledge gaps remain regarding ALAN affecting species interactions. Species interactions occur via shared spatio-temporal niches among species, which may be determined by natural light levels. We review how ALAN is altering these spatio-temporal niches through expanding twilight or full Moon conditions and constricting nocturnal conditions as well as creating patches of bright and dark. We review literature from a database to determine if ALAN is affecting species interactions via spatio-temporal dynamics. The literature indicates a growing interest in ALAN and species interactions: 58% of the studies we analysed have been published since 2020. Seventy-five of 79 studies found ALAN altered species interactions. Enhancements and reductions of species interactions were equally documented. Many studies revealed ALAN affecting species interactions spatially, but few revealed temporal alterations. There are biases regarding species interactions and ALAN-most studies investigated predator-prey interactions with vertebrates as predators and invertebrates as prey. Following this literature review, we suggest avenues, such as remote sensing and animal tracking, that can guide future research on the consequences of ALAN on species interactions across spatial and temporal axes. This article is part of the theme issue 'Light pollution in complex ecological systems'.
尽管有大量证据表明，夜间人工光（ALAN）会对生物体造成影响，但关于 ALAN 如何影响物种相互作用的知识仍存在很大空白。物种相互作用是通过物种之间共享的时空生态位发生的，而这些生态位可能由自然光水平决定。我们综述了 ALAN 如何通过扩展黎明或满月条件、压缩夜间条件以及制造明暗斑块来改变这些时空生态位。我们从数据库中查阅文献，以确定 ALAN 是否通过时空动态影响物种相互作用。文献表明，人们对 ALAN 和物种相互作用的兴趣日益浓厚：我们分析的研究中有 58%是在 2020 年之后发表的。在 79 项研究中，有 75 项发现 ALAN 改变了物种相互作用。增强和减少物种相互作用都有记录。许多研究表明 ALAN 会影响物种的空间相互作用，但很少有研究揭示其对时间的改变。在物种相互作用和 ALAN 方面存在偏见——大多数研究都调查了以脊椎动物为捕食者和无脊椎动物为猎物的捕食者-猎物相互作用。在对这些文献进行综述后，我们提出了一些方法，如遥感和动物跟踪，可以指导未来关于 ALAN 对跨时空物种相互作用影响的研究。本文是“复杂生态系统中的光污染”主题特刊的一部分。
