State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2023 Sep;34(9):2383-2390. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202309.018.
We investigated the effects of maize straw and its biochar application on soil organic carbon chemical composition, the abundance of carbon degradation genes (I) and the composition of I gene community in a Moso bamboo forest, to provide the theoretical and scientific basis for enhancing carbon sequestration. We conducted a one-year field experiment in a subtropical Moso bamboo forest with three treatments: control (0 t C·hm), maize straw (5 t C·hm), and maize straw biochar (5 t C·hm). Soil samples were collected at the 3 and 12 months after the treatment. Soil organic carbon chemical composition, the abundance and community composition of I gene were determined by solid-state C NMR, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and high-throughput sequencing, respectively. The results showed that compared with the control, maize straw treatment significantly increased the content of O-alkyl C and decreased aromatic C content, while maize straw biochar treatment showed an opposite effect. Maize straw treatment significantly increased the abundance of I gene and the relative abundance of , and However, maize straw biochar treatment reduced the abundance of this gene. The relative abundance of dominant I in soils was positively correlated with the content of O-alkyl C and negatively correlated with the content of aromatic C. Results of redundancy analysis showed that maize straw treatment had a significant effect on the microbial community composition of I gene by changing soil O-alkyl C content, while maize straw biochar affected the microbial community composition of I gene by changing soil pH, organic carbon, and aromatic C content. Maize straw biochar treatment was more effective in increasing soil organic carbon stability and reducing microbial activity associated with carbon degradation in the subtropical Moso bamboo forest ecosystem compared with maize straw treatment. Therefore, the application of biochar has positive significance for maintaining soil carbon storage in subtropical forest ecosystems.
我们研究了玉米秸秆及其生物炭施用对土壤有机碳化学组成、碳降解基因（I）丰度和 I 基因群落组成的影响，为增强碳固存提供了理论和科学依据。我们在亚热带毛竹林进行了为期一年的田间试验，设 3 个处理：对照（0 t C·hm）、玉米秸秆（5 t C·hm）和玉米秸秆生物炭（5 t C·hm）。处理后 3 个月和 12 个月采集土壤样品。采用固态 C NMR、实时荧光定量 PCR 和高通量测序分别测定土壤有机碳化学组成、I 基因丰度和群落组成。结果表明，与对照相比，玉米秸秆处理显著增加了 O-烷基 C 的含量，降低了芳构化 C 的含量，而玉米秸秆生物炭处理则表现出相反的效果。玉米秸秆处理显著增加了 I 基因的丰度和、和的相对丰度。然而，玉米秸秆生物炭处理降低了该基因的丰度。土壤中 I 的优势相对丰度与 O-烷基 C 的含量呈正相关，与芳构化 C 的含量呈负相关。冗余分析结果表明，玉米秸秆处理通过改变土壤 O-烷基 C 含量对 I 基因的微生物群落组成有显著影响，而玉米秸秆生物炭处理通过改变土壤 pH 值、有机碳和芳构化 C 含量对 I 基因的微生物群落组成有显著影响。与玉米秸秆处理相比，玉米秸秆生物炭处理在亚热带毛竹林生态系统中增加土壤有机碳稳定性和降低与碳降解相关的微生物活性方面更为有效。因此，生物炭的应用对维持亚热带森林生态系统土壤碳储量具有积极意义。
