College of Social Development and Public Administration, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Engineering Research Center of Land Use and Comprehensive Improvement, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2023 Sep;34(9):2518-2526. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202309.035.
Landscape pattern, an important factor affecting the supply and maintenance of ecosystem services, is the basis for the healthy and stable regional ecosystem and the optimal decision of land use. Taking the Hexi Corridor in the northern sand fixation belt as the study area, we quantified and analyzed the temporal and spatial variations and response relationship between landscape pattern and windbreak and sand fixation services during 2000-2020 by using the software Fragstats 4.2, the revised wind erosion equation and the spatial autocorrelation method. The results showed that, the landscape pattern of land use types changed obviously in the study area during 2000-2020, mainly from Gobi to cultivated land and from grassland to cultivated land, and that the landscape pattern tended to be diversified, heterogeneous, and fragmented. The spatial pattern of windbreak and sand fixation services was generally characterized by "high in southeast and low in northwest", with the amount of windbreak and sand fixation increasing at first and then decreasing. The windbreak and sand fixation capacity was higher in cultivated land and grassland and lower in the bare land and construction land. Shannon's diversity index, patch density and landscape shape index were all positively correlated with windbreak and sand fixation services, while mean patch size was negatively correlated with it. Our results indicated that the increases of landscape heterogeneity, the more uniform distribution, the more patches and the more complex landscape shape had a promoting effect on windbreak and sand fixation services in the Hexi corridor of the northern sand fixation belt with Gobi Desert as the dominant landscape.
景观格局是影响生态系统服务供给和维持的重要因素，是区域生态系统健康稳定和土地利用优化决策的基础。以北方风沙带的河西走廊为研究区，利用 Fragstats 4.2 软件、修正风蚀方程和空间自相关方法，量化和分析了 2000-2020 年景观格局与防风固沙服务的时空变化及其响应关系。结果表明：2000-2020 年研究区土地利用类型景观格局变化明显，主要表现为戈壁向耕地和草地向耕地的转化，景观格局趋于多样化、异质性和破碎化。防风固沙服务的空间格局总体特征为“东南高西北低”，防风固沙量先增加后减少。防风固沙能力在耕地和草地较高，裸地和建设用地较低。香农多样性指数、斑块密度和景观形状指数均与防风固沙服务呈正相关，而平均斑块大小与之呈负相关。研究结果表明，在以戈壁荒漠为主导景观的北方风沙带河西走廊，景观异质性增加、分布越均匀、斑块越多、景观形状越复杂，对防风固沙服务具有促进作用。
