Department of Land Management, School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2023 Sep;34(9):2566-2574. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202309.021.
The ecological restoration and protection of territorial space is a systematic project for the protection and restoration of ecosystems damaged or degraded by human disturbance. Effectiveness evaluation is of great significance to the optimization, adjustment, and sustainability of ecological restoration and protection. Current research and practices tend to focus on a single element and the site scale. Based on the study on the connotation of ecological restoration and protection of territorial space and the multi-scale characteristics of ecosystems, we constructed a multi-scale effectiveness evaluation system for ecological restoration and protection of territorial space and a full-cycle monitoring system for effectiveness evaluation. The multi-scale effectiveness evaluation system consisted of the regional/watershed scale, the protection and restoration unit scale, and the sub-project scale. The full-cycle monitoring system contained the basic information investigation system before construction, the construction monitoring system during construction, and the multi-scale effectiveness evaluation system after construction. At the regional/watershed scale, structure, quality, and services of ecosystem were concerned and remote sensing was used as the main method to capture data. At the protection and restoration unit scale, ecological stress factors, ecosystem quality and services were concerned, and the main methods were remote sensing combined with field survey. At the sub-project scale, engineering technology measures were concerned and the field survey was used as the main method. In the implementation of the multi-scale effectiveness evaluation, it would be necessary to focus on and solve the key issues including the spillover effect, transmission mechanism, and potential impact of ecological restoration.
国土空间生态修复保护是对受人类活动干扰或破坏的生态系统进行保护、修复的系统工程。成效评估对生态修复保护的优化、调整和持续具有重要意义。当前的研究和实践往往聚焦于单一要素和场地尺度。基于对国土空间生态修复保护内涵和生态系统多尺度特征的研究，构建了国土空间生态修复保护多尺度成效评估体系和全周期成效评估监测体系。多尺度成效评估体系包括区域/流域尺度、保护与修复单元尺度、子项目尺度。全周期成效评估监测体系包括建设前的基础信息调查系统、建设中的施工监测系统以及建设后的多尺度成效评估系统。在区域/流域尺度上，关注生态系统的结构、质量和服务功能，主要采用遥感作为获取数据的主要方法。在保护与修复单元尺度上，关注生态压力因素、生态系统质量和服务功能，主要采用遥感与现场调查相结合的方法。在子项目尺度上，关注工程技术措施，主要采用现场调查作为主要方法。在多尺度成效评估的实施过程中，需要重点关注并解决生态修复的溢出效应、传递机制和潜在影响等关键问题。
