Obajeun Omobolanle A, Abaza Abdelrahman, Jaramillo Arturo P, Sid Idris Faten, Anis Shaikh Humna, Vahora Ilma, Moparthi Kiran Prasad, Al Rushaidi Majdah T, Muddam MeghanaReddy, Hamid Pousette
Pediatrics, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Pathology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Cureus. 2023 Sep 27;15(9):e46098. doi: 10.7759/cureus.46098. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Congenital torticollis is an abnormal tilt of the neck in a newborn especially on the side of the pathology with the chin pointing toward the contralateral side. The most frequent cause is termed congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) which is a structural abnormality in the muscle of the neck called sternocleidomastoid muscle. There are also other causes of congenital torticollis that may arise such as anomalies of the cervical vertebrae, syndromic causes, and ocular defects. Diagnosing these other causes of congenital torticollis requires careful examination, cervical X-ray, CT scan, and MRI. The objective of this review is to create an awareness of the different types and causes of cervical spinal deformity. It also confirms that it is easy to misdiagnose these rarer causes of congenital torticollis as seen in a clinical vignette of a newborn who was managed for CMT for about one year with physical therapy and later turned out to have an associated hemivertebrae and fusion of the second and third cervical vertebrae. It is rare but it has the burden of huge financial and psychosocial impact.
先天性斜颈是指新生儿颈部出现异常倾斜，特别是在病变一侧，下巴指向对侧。最常见的病因称为先天性肌性斜颈（CMT），它是颈部肌肉（胸锁乳突肌）的一种结构异常。先天性斜颈还有其他可能的病因，如颈椎异常、综合征性病因和眼部缺陷。诊断先天性斜颈的这些其他病因需要仔细检查、颈椎X线、CT扫描和MRI。本综述的目的是提高对颈椎畸形不同类型和病因的认识。它还证实，先天性斜颈的这些较罕见病因很容易被误诊，如在一名新生儿的临床病例中所见，该患儿因先天性肌性斜颈接受了约一年的物理治疗，后来发现伴有半椎体以及第二和第三颈椎融合。这种情况很罕见，但会带来巨大的经济和社会心理影响。
