Cravo Mariana, Rosendo Inês, Santiago Luiz Miguel, Abreu Joana
Family Medicine, Unidade de Saúde Familiar (USF) CampuSaúde, Golegã, PRT.
Family Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Coimbra, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, PRT.
Cureus. 2023 Sep 27;15(9):e46064. doi: 10.7759/cureus.46064. eCollection 2023 Sep.
A person with diabetes is subject to developing micro and macrovascular complications and prevention requires an active role from the person. So, health literacy should have a preponderant role in the health of people with diabetes but this link is yet not fully understood. The objective of this study is to understand the relationship between health literacy and the prevalence of complications in people with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2).
This is a multicentric transversal observational exploratory study. A survey was conducted with two health literacy instruments, the Medical Term Recognition Test (METER) and Newest Vital Sign (NVS), filled out by people with DM2 coming to consultation in primary health centers in three main regions of Portugal. Results: In this sample (n=141), 50.6% were male, 41 to 88 years old, and 56% earned more than the minimum wage. Using the METER tool, it was found that 57.4% of the diabetic patients had functional literacy. Adequate literacy was found in 24.1% with the NVS tool. Also with the NVS tool it was found that 36.2% of the sample subjects had s high probability of limited literacy. Utilizing the METER tool, a statistically significant decrease in health literacy was observed in individuals with diabetic complications (p=0.001). There was no significant relation between the presence of diabetic complications and present blood pressure values, low-density lipoprotein, and socioeconomic index.
In this study, we found a significant relation between lower health literacy and the presence of diagnosed DM2 complications (p=0.001).
糖尿病患者易发生微血管和大血管并发症，预防需要患者积极参与。因此，健康素养在糖尿病患者的健康中应发挥重要作用，但这种联系尚未完全明确。本研究的目的是了解健康素养与2型糖尿病（DM2）患者并发症患病率之间的关系。
这是一项多中心横向观察性探索性研究。使用两种健康素养工具，即医学术语识别测试（METER）和最新生命体征（NVS），对葡萄牙三个主要地区基层医疗中心前来就诊的DM2患者进行了调查。结果：在这个样本（n = 141）中，50.6%为男性，年龄在41至88岁之间，56%的人收入高于最低工资。使用METER工具发现，57.4%的糖尿病患者具备功能性素养。使用NVS工具时，24.1%的人具备足够的素养。同样使用NVS工具发现，36.2%的样本对象有较高的低素养可能性。使用METER工具时，观察到糖尿病并发症患者的健康素养有统计学意义的下降（p = 0.001）。糖尿病并发症的存在与当前血压值、低密度脂蛋白和社会经济指数之间没有显著关系。
在本研究中，我们发现较低的健康素养与已诊断的DM2并发症之间存在显著关系（p = 0.001）。
