Department of Endocrinology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China.
Department of Internal Neurology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China.
Endokrynol Pol. 2023;74(5):536-543. doi: 10.5603/ep.96300.
Galectin-3 (Gal-3) and fetuin-A (Fet-A) are cytokines that participate in inflammation and insulin resistance. Previous studies have found that altered Gal-3 and Fet-A levels in circulation correlate with diabetic complications. However, whether they are all associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) has been little investigated. The aim of this study was to assess plasma Gal-3 and Fet-A concentrations, and to investigate their associations with the presence of DR in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.
A total of 100 T2DM patients were enrolled, among which there were 50 patients without DR (non diabetic retinopathy, NDR group) and 50 patients with DR (DR group). Clinical parameters were collected, and plasma Gal-3 and Fet-A levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Both Gal-3 and Fet-A were found to be increased in DR patients with respect to NDR controls, and Gal-3 correlated positively with Fet-A. Bivariate correlation analysis revealed that Gal-3 levels were positively correlated with haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), while Fet-A correlated negatively with fasting C peptide (FC-P) and positively with homocysteine (Hcy). Binary logistic regression suggested that elevated Gal-3 and Fet-A levels were related to increased risk of DR. ROC curve displayed that the combination of Fet-A and Gal-3 exhibited better diagnostic value for DR.
Both Gal-3 and Fet-A were elevated in the circulation of DR patients, and they were positively associated with the occurrence of DR. The combination of 2 indicators showed better diagnostic value for DR.
半乳糖凝集素-3（Gal-3）和胎球蛋白 A（Fet-A）是参与炎症和胰岛素抵抗的细胞因子。先前的研究发现，循环中 Gal-3 和 Fet-A 水平的改变与糖尿病并发症相关。然而，它们是否都与糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）有关还鲜有研究。本研究旨在评估 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者血浆 Gal-3 和 Fet-A 浓度，并探讨其与 DR 存在的关系。
共纳入 100 例 T2DM 患者，其中 50 例无 DR（非糖尿病视网膜病变，NDR 组），50 例有 DR（DR 组）。收集临床参数，用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定血浆 Gal-3 和 Fet-A 水平。
与 NDR 对照组相比，DR 患者的 Gal-3 和 Fet-A 均升高，且 Gal-3 与 Fet-A 呈正相关。双变量相关分析显示，Gal-3 水平与糖化血红蛋白 A1c（HbA1c）呈正相关，而 Fet-A 与空腹 C 肽（FC-P）呈负相关，与同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）呈正相关。二元逻辑回归表明，Gal-3 和 Fet-A 水平升高与 DR 风险增加有关。ROC 曲线显示，Fet-A 和 Gal-3 的联合对 DR 具有更好的诊断价值。
DR 患者的循环中 Gal-3 和 Fet-A 均升高，且与 DR 的发生呈正相关。2 个指标的联合对 DR 具有更好的诊断价值。
