Hunan Provincial People's Hospital Xingsha Branch, Changsha, 410008, China.
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Clin Ther. 2023 Dec;45(12):e243-e251. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2023.09.018. Epub 2023 Oct 30.
Previous studies have found that a gluten-free diet (GFD) may have improve obesity-related factors. For this reason, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of a GFD on anthropometric indicators.
We performed a systematic search in databases from inception until July 12, 2022. We included all relevant articles that evaluate efficacy of a GFD on anthropometric indicators in patients with and without celiac disease (CD). Random-effects models were applied to combine the data. The main outcomes were then analyzed using weight mean differences (WMDs) and 95% CIs.
A total of 27 articles met the eligible criteria and were included. Pooled results from the random-effects model indicated that the GFD has no significant effect on any of the factors of anthropometry, including weight (WMD, 1.20 kg; 95% CI, -1.16 to 3.55 kg; P = 0.319), body mass index (WMD, 0.70 kg/m; 95% CI, -0.45 to 1.84 kg/m; P = 0.233), waist circumference (WMD, 0.92 cm; 95% CI, -1.34 to 3.17 cm; P = 0.497), and body fat (WMD, 1.02%; 95% CI, -0.38% to 2.42%; P = 0.153). The subgroup results indicated that after implementation of a GFD significant increased weight and body fat occurred in patients with compared with without CD. In addition, the effect of this diet on the increase of BMI and body fat in the intervention of more than 48 weeks was significantly higher.
The results of the present study indicate that a GFD can have a significant and beneficial effect on weight and body fat in patients with CD.
先前的研究发现，无麸质饮食（GFD）可能改善与肥胖相关的因素。基于此，我们进行了一项系统评价和荟萃分析，以调查 GFD 对人体测量指标的影响。
我们在数据库中进行了系统搜索，检索时间从建库起至 2022 年 7 月 12 日。我们纳入了所有评估 GFD 对乳糜泻（CD）患者和非 CD 患者人体测量指标疗效的相关文章。采用随机效应模型对数据进行合并。然后使用加权均数差（WMD）和 95%置信区间（CI）分析主要结局。
共有 27 篇文章符合纳入标准。随机效应模型的汇总结果表明，GFD 对人体测量学的任何因素均无显著影响，包括体重（WMD，1.20kg；95%CI，-1.16 至 3.55kg；P=0.319）、体重指数（WMD，0.70kg/m；95%CI，-0.45 至 1.84kg/m；P=0.233）、腰围（WMD，0.92cm；95%CI，-1.34 至 3.17cm；P=0.497）和体脂（WMD，1.02%；95%CI，-0.38%至 2.42%；P=0.153）。亚组结果表明，在实施 GFD 后，与无 CD 患者相比，CD 患者的体重和体脂显著增加。此外，这种饮食对干预超过 48 周时 BMI 和体脂增加的影响明显更高。
本研究结果表明，GFD 可显著改善 CD 患者的体重和体脂。
