Université Sorbonne Paris Nord and Université Paris Cité, Inserm, INRAE, CNAM, Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Bobigny, F-93017, France.
Univ Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, France.
Environ Health. 2023 Oct 31;22(1):76. doi: 10.1186/s12940-023-01020-8.
Research on the effect of pesticide exposure on health has been largely focused on occupational settings. Few reviews have synthesized the associations between dietary pesticide exposure and health outcomes in non-occupationally exposed adults.
We aim to summarize the evidence regarding dietary pesticide exposure and non-communicable diseases (NCD) in adults, using a systematic review of prospective studies.
Electronic and manual searches were performed until July 2023. The inclusion criteria were the following: 1) adults aged ≥ 18years, 2) (non)-randomized trials, prospective cohort studies, 3) dietary exposure to pesticides. A bias analysis was carried out using the Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review guidelines based on the Cochrane ROBINS-I.
A total of 52 studies were retrieved and 6 studies that met the above criteria were included. Studies were conducted either in France or in the United States. The studies investigated the risk of cancer (n = 3), diabetes (n = 1), cardiovascular diseases (n = 1), and mortality (n = 1). The quality of the studies varied with overall grades derived from the bias analysis ranging from low to moderate bias. The level of evidence was estimated as low for the risk of cancer while the grading was not assignable for other outcomes, as only one study per outcome was available.
Although further research is warranted to examine more in depth the relationships between low-dose chronic exposure to pesticides through diet and NCD outcomes in non-occupationally-exposed adults, studies suggest a possible role of exposure to dietary pesticide on health. Standardized methodological guidelines should also be proposed to allow for comparison across studies.
关于农药暴露对健康影响的研究主要集中在职业环境中。很少有综述综合了非职业暴露成年人中饮食性农药暴露与健康结果之间的关联。
我们旨在通过对前瞻性研究的系统综述，总结饮食性农药暴露与非传染性疾病（NCD）在成年人中的证据。
电子和手动搜索截至 2023 年 7 月进行。纳入标准为：1）年龄≥18 岁的成年人，2）（非）随机试验、前瞻性队列研究，3）饮食性农药暴露。使用基于 Cochrane ROBINS-I 的营养证据系统评价指南进行偏倚分析。
共检索到 52 项研究，其中 6 项符合上述标准的研究被纳入。这些研究分别在法国或美国进行。研究调查了癌症（n=3）、糖尿病（n=1）、心血管疾病（n=1）和死亡率（n=1）的风险。研究质量存在差异，整体偏倚等级从低到中度。由于每个结局只有一项研究，因此癌症风险的证据等级估计为低，而其他结局的分级不可用。
尽管需要进一步研究，以更深入地研究非职业暴露成年人通过饮食摄入低剂量慢性农药暴露与 NCD 结局之间的关系，但研究表明饮食性农药暴露可能对健康有影响。还应提出标准化的方法学指南，以允许对研究进行比较。
