Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Economic Science Institute, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA.
Proc Biol Sci. 2023 Nov 8;290(2010):20231764. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2023.1764. Epub 2023 Nov 1.
Over 80% of adolescents worldwide are insufficiently active, posing massive public health and economic challenges. Declining physical activity (PA) and sex differences in PA consistently accompany transitions from childhood to adulthood in post-industrialized populations and are attributed to psychosocial and environmental factors. An overarching evolutionary theoretical framework and data from pre-industrialized populations are lacking. This cross-sectional study tests hypotheses from life history theory, that adolescent PA is inversely related to age, but this association is mediated by Tanner stage, reflecting higher and sex-specific energetic demands for growth and reproductive maturation. Detailed measures of PA and pubertal maturation are assessed among Tsimane forager-farmers (age: 7-22 years; 50% female, = 110). Most Tsimane sampled (71%) meet World Health Organization PA guidelines (greater than or equal to 60 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous PA). Like post-industrialized populations, sex differences and inverse age-activity associations were observed. Tanner stage significantly mediated age-activity associations. Adolescence presents difficulties to PA engagement that warrant further consideration in PA intervention approaches to improve public health.
全球超过 80%的青少年活动量不足，这对公共卫生和经济构成了巨大挑战。在工业化后人群中，从儿童期到成年期，体力活动（PA）持续下降，且存在性别差异，这归因于心理社会和环境因素。缺乏总体进化理论框架和来自前工业化人群的数据。这项横断面研究检验了生命史理论的假设，即青少年的 PA 与年龄呈负相关，但这种关联受到 Tanner 阶段的中介，反映了生长和生殖成熟的更高和性别特异性的能量需求。在 Tsimane 觅食农民中（年龄：7-22 岁；50%为女性，n = 110）评估了详细的 PA 和青春期成熟度测量。大多数采样的 Tsimane（71%）符合世界卫生组织 PA 指南（每天进行大于或等于 60 分钟的中等至剧烈 PA）。与工业化后人群一样，观察到了性别差异和反年龄活动关联。Tanner 阶段显著中介了年龄与活动的关联。青春期对 PA 的参与存在困难，这需要在改善公共卫生的 PA 干预方法中进一步考虑。
