Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, India.
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2024;23(9):1061-1074. doi: 10.2174/0118715273269329231013074613.
Diabetes is one of the major metabolic disorders of this era. It not only impacts a person's lifestyle but also has a long-term impact on the brain. It has a detrimental effect on a person's health when combined with hypertension and hyperlipidaemia. Several studies have suggested that the incidence of dementia is higher in people with metabolic syndrome. Investigations are underway to determine whether antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, hypercholesteraemic, anti-hypertensive, and other combination medicines can minimize the incidence of cognitive impairment. Some studies have suggested that anti-diabetic drugs like metformin, liraglutide, and dapagliflozin might enhance memory in long-term users. At the same time, other studies indicate that long-term insulin use may cause memory decline. Similarly, drugs like ACEIs, CCBs, fibrates, statins, and various nutraceuticals have been shown to improve cognition via multiple mechanisms. Literature suggests that drugs that can treat metabolic syndrome can also partially reduce the accumulation of beta-amyloid, whereas some studies contradict these findings. We review the past thirty years' of research work and summarize the effects of most commonly used drugs and nutraceuticals for treating metabolic syndrome on memory. Here, we review the effects of antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, anti-hypertensive, and hypercholesteremic, and their combination in learning and memory.
糖尿病是这个时代主要的代谢紊乱之一。它不仅影响一个人的生活方式，而且对大脑也有长期影响。当与高血压和高脂血症结合时，它会对人的健康产生有害影响。几项研究表明，代谢综合征患者痴呆的发病率更高。目前正在进行调查，以确定抗糖尿病、降血脂、降胆固醇、抗高血压和其他联合药物是否可以最大限度地减少认知障碍的发生。一些研究表明，像二甲双胍、利拉鲁肽和达格列净这样的抗糖尿病药物可能会增强长期使用者的记忆力。与此同时，其他研究表明，长期使用胰岛素可能会导致记忆力下降。同样，ACEIs、CCBs、贝特类药物、他汀类药物和各种营养保健品等药物已被证明通过多种机制改善认知。文献表明，能够治疗代谢综合征的药物也可以部分减少β-淀粉样蛋白的积累，而一些研究则与这些发现相矛盾。我们回顾了过去三十年的研究工作，并总结了治疗代谢综合征最常用的药物和营养保健品对记忆的影响。在这里，我们回顾了抗糖尿病、降血脂、抗高血压和降胆固醇药物及其联合用药在学习和记忆方面的作用。
