Soria-Martínez Mireya, Navarro-Pérez Carmen Flores, Pérez-Ardanaz Bibiana, Martí-García Celia
Atemde Raíces, Granada, Spain.
Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.
Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2024 Apr;33(2):281-296. doi: 10.1111/inm.13249. Epub 2023 Nov 3.
Mental health literacy (MHL) has been identified as a factor influencing early help-seeking for mental health problems (MHPs) and stigmatizing attitudes. However, the lack of consensus on its definition has led to considerable heterogeneity in measurement and, consequently, methodological challenges in comparing data. In this way, the present study was conducted with the following objectives: in Phase I, mapping the existing literature through a scoping review; in Phase 2, 28 experts in the field of mental health participated to develop a consensus statement on the relevance and importance of the findings from Phase 1. A total of 37 articles were included for review. Notable nuances were identified in the conceptualization of MHL, particularly with regard to the fact that it should not be limited to mental disorders but should also encompass mental health. Furthermore, the sociocultural influence was highlighted as shaping MHL, recognizing it as a modifiable competence that adapts to different contexts and life stages, involving both individual and collective levels. The experts deemed the findings pertinent and relevant with a high degree of consensus, except for factors related to MHL. This framework provides a refined definition of MHL and related factors that should be taken into account to guide nursing and other disciplines' studies and interventions on MHL. The evolution of this concept includes dimensions to be considered in future research, especially when developing new measurement instruments or implementing educational programmes. This knowledge and skills cannot be determined globally without considering the context and development of the individual.
心理健康素养（MHL）已被确认为影响心理健康问题（MHP）早期求助行为和污名化态度的一个因素。然而，对其定义缺乏共识导致了测量方面的显著异质性，因此在比较数据时面临方法学挑战。通过这种方式，本研究的开展具有以下目标：在第一阶段，通过范围综述梳理现有文献；在第二阶段，28位心理健康领域的专家参与进来，就第一阶段研究结果的相关性和重要性制定一份共识声明。总共纳入37篇文章进行综述。在MHL的概念化过程中发现了显著的细微差别，特别是关于它不应局限于精神障碍，还应涵盖心理健康这一事实。此外，社会文化影响被强调为塑造MHL的因素，将其视为一种可改变的能力，能适应不同的背景和生命阶段，涉及个人和集体层面。除了与MHL相关的因素外，专家们高度一致地认为这些研究结果具有相关性和重要性。该框架提供了MHL的精确界定以及相关因素，在指导护理和其他学科关于MHL的研究及干预时应予以考虑。这一概念的演变包括未来研究中应考虑的维度，尤其是在开发新的测量工具或实施教育项目时。如果不考虑个体的背景和发展情况，就无法全面确定这种知识和技能。
