Sandsgård-Hilmarsen Eli, Ree Eline, Salamonsen Anita, Viksveen Petter
Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
Front Psychiatry. 2025 Apr 8;16:1538946. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1538946. eCollection 2025.
The purpose of this study was to explore mental health literacy among youths with a background as asylum-seekers and refugees including the role of mental health literacy as a barrier to their service use. A systematic literature study was conducted to gain an overview of mental health literacy in youths with a background as asylum-seekers and refugees. The databases MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Web of Science were used to identify relevant research. The PRISMA statement was used to report on the literature search, and a thematic synthesis was used to analyze the data from the included studies. Eleven studies reporting qualitative data were included. The understanding of mental health varied. Some youths understood mental health and mental health problems as connected to body and mind, whereas others linked it to their life situation or attributed it to supernatural or religious causes. Help-seeking behavior also varied, with youths seeking support in ways they found helpful, such as through prayer, or talking to an Imam or priest, or confiding in friends and family. Professionals were often perceived as unhelpful, partly due to lack of cultural competency. Youths expressed mistrust of professionals, feeling that they focused too much on their past rather than addressing their present and future concerns. Moreover, mental health stigma was a significant barrier to seeking help. Different understandings of mental health among youths with a background as asylum-seekers and refugees influence their help-seeking behaviors. The current conceptual framework of mental health literacy does not address cultural and contextual factors. Mental health literacy should be further developed as a concept to encompass diverse perspectives. Professionals should be trained with a more holistic approach that considers cultural factors and user experiences, guiding the development of mental health literacy programs and services.
本研究的目的是探讨有寻求庇护者和难民背景的青少年的心理健康素养，包括心理健康素养作为他们获得服务的障碍所起的作用。进行了一项系统的文献研究，以全面了解有寻求庇护者和难民背景的青少年的心理健康素养。使用MEDLINE、PubMed、CINAHL、PsycINFO和Web of Science数据库来识别相关研究。采用PRISMA声明报告文献检索情况，并使用主题综合分析法分析纳入研究的数据。纳入了11项报告定性数据的研究。对心理健康的理解各不相同。一些青少年将心理健康和心理健康问题理解为与身心相关，而另一些青少年则将其与他们的生活状况联系起来，或将其归因于超自然或宗教原因。寻求帮助的行为也各不相同，青少年以他们认为有帮助的方式寻求支持，比如通过祈祷、与伊玛目或牧师交谈，或者向朋友和家人倾诉。专业人员往往被认为没有帮助，部分原因是缺乏文化能力。青少年表达了对专业人员的不信任，觉得他们过于关注自己的过去，而不是解决他们当前和未来的担忧。此外，心理健康污名是寻求帮助的一个重大障碍。有寻求庇护者和难民背景的青少年对心理健康的不同理解影响了他们的求助行为。当前心理健康素养的概念框架没有考虑文化和背景因素。心理健康素养应作为一个概念进一步发展，以涵盖不同的观点。专业人员应接受更全面的培训，考虑文化因素和用户体验，指导心理健康素养项目和服务的发展。
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