Ounsted M, Moar V A, Scott A
Early Hum Dev. 1986 Oct;14(2):77-88. doi: 10.1016/0378-3782(86)90113-1.
Head and chest circumference and crown-rump length measurements were obtained for 413 small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants at birth; and head-chest, head-crown-rump and chest-crown rump ratios derived. There was an inverse correlation between head-chest ratios and gestational age, and boys had higher ratios than girls. First-born infants, and those whose mothers had pre-eclampsia had higher ratios than the rest, and higher ratios were associated with instrumental delivery. Higher ratios were also found for girls (but not boys) born to women of above average weight, and those who suffered birth asphyxia or other problems in the neonatal period. When adjustment was made for confounding between variables gestational age and sex were the only factors making a significant contribution to the variance in head-chest ratios at birth. SGA babies with relatively high head-chest ratios at birth grew faster than those with lower ratios during the first 6 mth of life. Girls with above-average ratios were heavier and had larger heads at the age of 7 yr, but no differences were found for either sex in any aspect of developmental ability at 7 yr associated with head-chest ratios at birth.
对413名小于胎龄（SGA）婴儿出生时进行了头围、胸围及顶臀长测量，并得出头胸比、头顶臀比和胸顶臀比。头胸比与胎龄呈负相关，男孩的头胸比高于女孩。头胎婴儿以及母亲患有先兆子痫的婴儿头胸比高于其他婴儿，且较高的头胸比与器械分娩有关。出生体重高于平均水平的女性所生女孩（而非男孩）以及出生时窒息或在新生儿期有其他问题的婴儿头胸比也较高。对变量间的混杂因素进行调整后，胎龄和性别是仅对出生时头胸比差异有显著贡献的因素。出生时头胸比相对较高的SGA婴儿在出生后的前6个月比头胸比低的婴儿生长更快。头胸比高于平均水平的女孩在7岁时体重更重、头更大，但在7岁时，无论男女，在与出生时头胸比相关的发育能力的任何方面均未发现差异。
