Chen Y, Xiao Y, Wei F, Yang J, Dai L, Zhong C, Liu J
Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi. 2023 Sep 25;35(4):349-357. doi: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2023079.
To identify the spatial distribution pattern of spread in Hubei Province, so as to provide insights into precision snail control in the province.
Data pertaining to emerging and reemerging snails were collected from Hubei Province from 2020 to 2022 to build a spatial database of snail spread. The spatial clustering of snail spread was identified using global and local spatial autocorrelation analyses, and the hot spots of snail spread were identified using kernel density estimation. In addition, the correlation between environments with snail spread and the distance from the Yangtze River was evaluated using nearest-neighbor analysis and Spearman correlation analysis.
snail spread mainly occurred along the Yangtze River and Jianghan Plain in Hubei Province from 2020 to 2022, with a total spread area of 4 320.63 hm, including 1 230.77 hm emerging snail habitats and 3 089.87 hm reemerging snail habitats. Global spatial autocorrelation analysis showed spatial autocorrelation in the snail spread in Hubei Province in 2020 and 2021, appearing a spatial clustering pattern (Moran's = 0.003 593 and 0.060 973, both values < 0.05), and the mean density of spread snails showed spatial aggregation in Hubei Province in 2020 (Moran's = 0.512 856, < 0.05). Local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the high-high clustering areas of spread snails were mainly distributed in 50 settings of 10 counties (districts) in Hubei Province from 2020 to 2022, and the high-high clustering areas of the mean density of spread snails were predominantly found in 219 snail habitats in four counties of Jiangling, Honghu, Yangxin and Gong'an. Kernel density estimation showed that there were high-, secondary high- and medium-density hot spots in snail spread areas in Hubei Province from 2020 to 2022, which were distributed in Jingzhou District, Wuxue District, Honghu County and Huangzhou District, respectively. There were high- and medium-density hot spots in the mean density of spread snails, which were located in Jiangling County, Honghu County and Yangxin County, respectively. In addition, the snail spread areas negatively correlated with the distance from the Yangtze River ( = -0.108 9, < 0.05).
There was spatial clustering of snail spread in Hubei Province from 2020 to 2022. The monitoring and control of snails require to be reinforced in the clustering areas, notably in inner embankments to prevent reemerging schistosomiasis.
明确湖北省钉螺扩散的空间分布格局，为该省精准灭螺提供依据。
收集湖北省2020 - 2022年新出现和再次出现钉螺的数据，建立钉螺扩散空间数据库。采用全局和局部空间自相关分析确定钉螺扩散的空间聚类情况，利用核密度估计确定钉螺扩散热点区域。此外，采用最近邻分析和Spearman相关分析评估钉螺扩散环境与距长江距离之间的相关性。
2020 - 2022年湖北省钉螺扩散主要发生在长江沿线和江汉平原，扩散总面积为4320.63公顷，其中新出现钉螺栖息地1230.77公顷，再次出现钉螺栖息地3089.87公顷。全局空间自相关分析显示，2020年和2021年湖北省钉螺扩散存在空间自相关性，呈现空间聚类模式（Moran's I值分别为0.003593和0.060973，均P值<0.05），2020年湖北省钉螺扩散平均密度呈现空间聚集（Moran's I = 0.512856，P < 0.05）。局部空间自相关分析显示，2020 - 2022年湖北省钉螺扩散高高聚类区域主要分布在10个县（区）的50个地点，钉螺扩散平均密度高高聚类区域主要集中在江陵、洪湖、阳新和公安4个县的219个钉螺栖息地。核密度估计显示，2020 - 2022年湖北省钉螺扩散区域存在高、次高和中密度热点，分别分布在荆州区、武穴区、洪湖县和黄州区。钉螺扩散平均密度存在高、中密度热点，分别位于江陵县、洪湖县和阳新县。此外，钉螺扩散区域与距长江距离呈负相关（r = -0.1089，P < 0.05）。
2020 - 2022年湖北省钉螺扩散存在空间聚类。需加强聚类区域尤其是内堤的钉螺监测与防控，以预防血吸虫病再次流行。
