Department of Epidemiology, Centre for Public Health, National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Adolescent Health Division, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Nirman Bhavan, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Med Res. 2023 Nov 1;158(5&6):494-504. doi: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_2605_20. Epub 2024 Jan 24.
In Himachal Pradesh (HP), a comprehensive health survey was conducted to assess the prevalent health affecting habits and issues among young individuals aged 10 to 24 yr. The study was aimed to evaluate key factors such as nutrition, substance use (including tobacco and alcohol), mental health concerns such as anxiety and depression, sexual behaviours and personal hygiene, as well as incidents of violence and injury (including road traffic and other injuries).
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in HP on 2895 individuals aged between 10 and 24 yr. The survey encompassed four districts, namely Shimla, Kinnaur, Kangra, and Sirmaur, and 12 blocks (three in each district). To ensure a representative sample, a stratified multistage cluster sampling approach was used. Districts and blocks were selected purposively so as to represent the diverse sociodemographic and cultural characteristics of this region. Within each block, thirty clusters were chosen using a probability proportional to size method. Clusters were defined as villages in rural areas and wards in urban areas. The World Health Organization 30 × 7 cluster technique was employed to identify households and individuals for the study.
Underweight (44.39%), risk of cell phone addiction (19.62%), feeling anxious (15.54%), unintentional injuries (14.72%) and violence (8.19%) were the top five health impacting problems among young people in HP.
The leading health impacting problems identified are preventable and/or modifiable factors affecting the overall health and development of young people in HP. These need to be addressed as priority health problems for interventions with a focus on maintaining positive health through integrated approaches including care provision, risk reduction and health promotion related to these health impacting behaviours. Such interventions are likely to yield better results towards the overall health and development of young people in HP.
在喜马偕尔邦（HP），进行了一项全面的健康调查，以评估 10 至 24 岁年轻人中普遍存在的影响健康的习惯和问题。该研究旨在评估关键因素，如营养、物质使用（包括烟草和酒精）、焦虑和抑郁等心理健康问题、性行为和个人卫生，以及暴力和伤害事件（包括道路交通和其他伤害）。
在 HP 对 2895 名年龄在 10 至 24 岁的个体进行了横断面调查。该调查涵盖了四个地区，即喜马偕尔邦、金瑙尔、坎格拉和锡尔马，以及 12 个区块（每个地区三个）。为了确保代表性样本，采用了分层多阶段聚类抽样方法。选择地区和区块是为了代表该地区多样化的社会人口和文化特征。在每个区块内，使用与大小成比例的概率选择了三十个集群。集群被定义为农村地区的村庄和城市地区的行政区。使用世界卫生组织的 30×7 集群技术来识别家庭和个体进行研究。
在 HP 的年轻人中，体重过轻（44.39%）、手机成瘾风险（19.62%）、焦虑感（15.54%）、意外伤害（14.72%）和暴力（8.19%）是影响健康的前五大问题。
确定的主要健康影响问题是可预防和/或可改变的因素，这些因素影响着 HP 年轻人的整体健康和发展。这些问题需要作为干预的优先健康问题来解决，重点是通过综合方法保持积极的健康，包括提供护理、减少风险和促进与这些健康影响行为相关的健康。此类干预措施可能会在 HP 年轻人的整体健康和发展方面取得更好的结果。
