Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
MMWR Surveill Summ. 2010 Jun 4;59(5):1-142.
Priority health-risk behaviors, which are behaviors that contribute to the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among youth and adults, often are established during childhood and adolescence, extend into adulthood, and are interrelated and preventable.
September 2008- December 2009.
The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) monitors six categories of priority health-risk behaviors among youth and young adults: 1) behaviors that contribute to unintentional injuries and violence; 2) tobacco use; 3) alcohol and other drug use; 4) sexual behaviors that contribute to unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; 5) unhealthy dietary behaviors; and 6) physical inactivity. In addition, YRBSS monitors the prevalence of obesity and asthma. YRBSS includes a national school-based Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) conducted by CDC and state and local school-based YRBSs conducted by state and local education and health agencies. This report summarizes results from the 2009 national survey, 42 state surveys, and 20 local surveys conducted among students in grades 9-12.
Results from the 2009 national YRBS indicated that many high school students are engaged in behaviors that increase their likelihood for the leading causes of death among persons aged 10-24 years in the United States. Among high school students nationwide, 9.7% rarely or never wore a seat belt when riding in a car driven by someone else. During the 30 days before the survey, 28.3% of high school students rode in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who had been drinking alcohol, 17.5% had carried a weapon, 41.8% had drunk alcohol, and 20.8% had used marijuana. During the 12 months before the survey, 31.5% of high school students had been in a physical fight and 6.3% had attempted suicide. Substantial morbidity and social problems among youth also result from unintended pregnancies and STDs, including HIV infection. Among high school students nationwide, 34.2% were currently sexually active, 38.9% of currently sexually active students had not used a condom during their last sexual intercourse, and 2.1% of students had ever injected an illegal drug. Results from the 2009 YRBS also indicated that many high school students are engaged in behaviors associated with the leading causes of death among adults aged >or=25 years in the United States. During 2009, 19.5% of high school students smoked cigarettes during the 30 days before the survey. During the 7 days before the survey, 77.7% of high school students had not eaten fruits and vegetables five or more times per day, 29.2% had drunk soda or pop at least one time per day, and 81.6% were not physically active for at least 60 minutes per day on all 7 days. One-third of high school students attended physical education classes daily, and 12.0% were obese.
Since 1991, the prevalence of many health-risk behaviors among high school students nationwide has decreased. However, many high school students continue to engage in behaviors that place them at risk for the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of most risk behaviors does not vary substantially among cities and states.
YRBS data are used to measure progress toward achieving 15 national health objectives for Healthy People 2010 and three of the 10 leading health indicators, to assess trends in priority health-risk behaviors among high school students, and to evaluate the impact of broad school and community interventions at the national, state, and local levels. More effective school health programs and other policy and programmatic interventions are needed to reduce risk and improve health outcomes among youth.
优先健康风险行为是导致年轻人和成年人发病和死亡的主要原因相关的行为，这些行为通常在儿童和青少年时期形成，延续到成年期，并相互关联且可预防。
2008 年 9 月至 2009 年 12 月。
青年风险行为监测系统（YRBSS）监测年轻人和年轻人中以下六类优先健康风险行为：1）导致意外伤害和暴力的行为；2）吸烟；3）酒精和其他药物使用；4）导致意外怀孕和性传播疾病（包括人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染）的性行为；5）不健康的饮食行为；6）身体活动不足。此外，YRBSS 还监测肥胖和哮喘的流行情况。YRBSS 包括由 CDC 进行的全国性学校青年风险行为调查（YRBS）和由州和地方教育和卫生机构进行的州和地方学校青年风险行为调查。本报告总结了 2009 年全国调查、42 个州调查和 20 个地方调查的结果，这些调查对象为 9-12 年级的学生。
2009 年全国 YRBS 的结果表明，许多高中生从事的行为增加了他们成为美国 10-24 岁人群主要死亡原因的可能性。在全国高中生中，只有 9.7%的人在乘坐他人驾驶的汽车时很少或从不系安全带。在调查前 30 天内，28.3%的高中生乘坐过酒后驾车的汽车或其他车辆，17.5%携带过武器，41.8%饮酒，20.8%使用过大麻。在调查前 12 个月内，31.5%的高中生发生过身体打架，6.3%试图自杀。青少年的意外怀孕和性传播疾病（包括 HIV 感染）也会导致严重的发病率和社会问题。在全国高中生中，有 34.2%目前处于活跃期，38.9%的目前活跃的学生在最近一次性交中没有使用避孕套，2.1%的学生曾经注射过非法药物。2009 年 YRBS 的结果还表明，许多高中生从事与美国>25 岁成年人主要死亡原因相关的行为。在 2009 年，19.5%的高中生在调查前 30 天内吸烟。在调查前 7 天内，77.7%的高中生每天没有吃五次或更多次水果和蔬菜，29.2%每天至少喝一次苏打水或汽水，81.6%每天没有进行至少 60 分钟的身体活动。三分之一的高中生每天上体育课，12.0%的人肥胖。
自 1991 年以来，全国高中生的许多健康风险行为的流行率有所下降。然而，许多高中生继续从事使他们面临发病和死亡主要原因风险的行为。大多数风险行为的流行率在城市和州之间没有明显差异。
YRBS 数据用于衡量在实现 2010 年《健康人民 2020》的 15 项国家健康目标和三个 10 项主要健康指标方面取得的进展，评估高中生优先健康风险行为的趋势，并评估国家、州和地方各级广泛的学校和社区干预措施的影响。需要更有效的学校卫生计划和其他政策和方案干预措施，以减少年轻人的风险并改善健康结果。
