Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Nov 3;102(44):e34791. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000034791.
Chronic kidney diseases (CKD) is an important public health issue worldwide, and diabetes mellitus is the main cause of CKD. Having sufficient disease knowledge and good self-care behavior both help to prevent the progression of diabetes mellitus and CKD. This cross-sectional study enrolled 181 type 2 diabetic patients with CKD from July 2017 to October 2017. Perceived Kidney Knowledge survey and structured questionnaires of self-care behavior were used to measure perceived disease knowledge and CKD Self-Care (CKDSC) scales respectively with the determinants analyzed by linear regression. Meanwhile, socio-demographic information, kidney function and laboratory data were collected. Of 181 enrolled patients, the mean age was 66.8 ± 9.7 years, 59.1% were male and the mean estimated glomerular filtration rate was 33.1 ± 23.1 mL/min/1.73 m2. The mean scores of CKDSC and perceived disease knowledge were 63.2 and 22.4, respectively. High scores of disease knowledge were significantly correlated with low glycated hemoglobin (P = .03) and high scores of overall self-care behavior (P = .03) and aspects of self-care behavior, including diet (P = .003), exercise (P = .02), and home blood pressure monitoring (P = .04). The relationship between young age and high scores of disease knowledge was found (P = .001); however, old age was significantly associated with high scores of overall self-care behavior (P < .001) while additionally, married patients had high scores of regular medication behavior (P = .03). Our findings identified the significant factors correlated with disease knowledge and self-care behavior in type 2 diabetic patients with CKD. Healthcare givers should establish personalized health education plans to improve perceived disease knowledge and self-care behavior.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）是全球一个重要的公共卫生问题，糖尿病是 CKD 的主要病因。具备充足的疾病知识和良好的自我护理行为有助于预防糖尿病和 CKD 的进展。本横断面研究于 2017 年 7 月至 10 月纳入了 181 例 2 型糖尿病伴 CKD 患者。采用肾脏病知识感知量表和自我护理行为的结构化问卷分别测量感知疾病知识和 CKD 自我护理（CKDSC）量表，采用线性回归分析其决定因素。同时收集患者的社会人口学信息、肾功能和实验室数据。在纳入的 181 例患者中，平均年龄为 66.8±9.7 岁，59.1%为男性，平均估算肾小球滤过率为 33.1±23.1 mL/min/1.73 m2。CKDSC 和感知疾病知识的平均得分分别为 63.2 和 22.4。疾病知识得分高与糖化血红蛋白低（P=0.03）和整体自我护理行为得分高（P=0.03）以及自我护理行为的各个方面，包括饮食（P=0.003）、运动（P=0.02）和家庭血压监测（P=0.04）显著相关。还发现年轻与疾病知识得分高相关（P=0.001）；然而，高龄与整体自我护理行为得分高显著相关（P＜0.001），此外，已婚患者有规律服药行为得分高（P=0.03）。本研究确定了与 2 型糖尿病伴 CKD 患者疾病知识和自我护理行为相关的显著因素。医疗保健提供者应制定个性化的健康教育计划，以提高感知疾病知识和自我护理行为。
