Ismail Nadia H, Alhammad Abdullah M, Alshaya Abdulrahman I, Alkhani Nada, Alenazi Ahmed O, Aljuhani Ohoud
Department of Clinical Pharmacy Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU), Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
King Fahd Hospital of the University, Alkhobar, Saudi Arabia.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2023 Nov 1;16:3227-3234. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S434116. eCollection 2023.
Critical care pharmacists (CCPs) in intensive care units (ICUs) are associated with improved patient outcomes, reduced adverse events (ADEs), and reduced mortality rates. This study aimed to describe the activities and pharmacy services provided by CCP in ICUs in hospitals in Saudi Arabia (SA).
In this cross-sectional prospective study, a questionnaire was electronically sent to CCPs practicing in SA between September 2022 and January 2023. A modified version of a previously published and validated survey was sent to the Saudi Critical Care and Emergency Specialty Network. The questionnaire focused on four CCP activities: clinical, educational, scholarly, and administrative. The level of services was similarly classified into three domains: fundamental, optimal, and desirable. The responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
The study surveyed 44 CCPs in SA, with a response rate of 52.3%. These CCPs were predominantly located in the central (47.8%) and eastern (30.4%) regions. Hospitals' ICU bed capacity ranged from 10 to 100, with 82% reporting mixed medical and surgical ICUs. Most CCPs had 4-10 years of critical care experience, and 60% held advanced degrees, with a substantial portion having completed PGY-1 and PGY-2 pharmacy residencies. CCPs were actively involved in patient care, with 86.9% participating in multidisciplinary rounds five days a week. They were engaged in clinical, educational, and administrative activities, with 82.6% involved in retrospective research and educational activities. Furthermore, 78.2% were engaged in pharmacy and therapeutic committees, 56.5% in critical care committees, and 56.5% in pharmacy department policy development.
The study reveals that CCPs in SA play integral roles in ICU patient care and contribute significantly to clinical, educational, and administrative activities. The study highlights the need for standardized CCP-to-patient ratios and further support for CCPs to expand their services, thus contributing to enhanced healthcare quality.
重症监护病房（ICU）的重症监护药师（CCP）与改善患者预后、减少不良事件（ADE）及降低死亡率相关。本研究旨在描述沙特阿拉伯（SA）医院ICU中CCP的活动及药学服务。
在这项横断面前瞻性研究中，于2022年9月至2023年1月期间以电子方式向在SA执业的CCP发送问卷。一份先前发表并经验证的调查问卷的修改版被发送至沙特重症监护与急诊专科网络。问卷聚焦于CCP的四项活动：临床、教育、学术和行政。服务水平同样分为三个领域：基础、优化和理想。使用描述性统计分析回复。
该研究对SA的44名CCP进行了调查，回复率为52.3%。这些CCP主要分布在中部（47.8%）和东部（30.4%）地区。医院的ICU床位容量从10张到100张不等，82%报告设有混合医疗和外科ICU。大多数CCP有4至10年的重症监护经验，60%拥有高级学位，其中很大一部分完成了PGY - 1和PGY - 2药学住院医师培训。CCP积极参与患者护理，86.9%的人每周五天参与多学科查房。他们参与临床、教育和行政活动，82.6%的人参与回顾性研究和教育活动。此外，78.2%的人参与药学与治疗委员会，56.5%的人参与重症监护委员会，56.5%的人参与药学部门政策制定。
该研究表明，SA的CCP在ICU患者护理中发挥着不可或缺的作用，并对临床、教育和行政活动做出了重大贡献。该研究强调需要标准化CCP与患者的比例，并进一步支持CCP扩大其服务范围，从而有助于提高医疗质量。
