Department of Medical and Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia.
Research Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology "Georgi D Efremov", Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, North Macedonia.
Proteomics Clin Appl. 2024 Mar;18(2):e2300072. doi: 10.1002/prca.202300072. Epub 2023 Nov 7.
The discovery of specific and sensitive disease-associated biomarkers for early diagnostic purposes of many diseases is still highly challenging due to various complex molecular mechanisms triggered, high variability of disease-related interactions, and an overlap of manifestations among diseases. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) contain protein signatures corresponding to essential immunological interplay. Certain diseases stimulate PBMCs and contribute towards modulation of their proteome which can be effectively identified and evaluated via the comparative proteomics approach.
In this review, we made a detailed survey of the PBMCS-derived protein biomarker candidates for a variety of diseases, published in the last 15 years. Articles were preselected to include only comparative proteomics studies.
PBMC-derived biomarkers were investigated for cancer, glomerular, neurodegenerative/neurodevelopmental, psychiatric, chronic inflammatory, autoimmune, endocrinal, infectious, and other diseases. A detailed review of these studies encompassed the proteomics platforms, proposed candidate biomarkers, their immune cell type specificity, and potential clinical application.
Overall, PBMCs have shown a solid potential in giving early diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for many diseases. The future of PBMC biomarker research should reveal its full potential through well-designed comparative studies and extensive testing of the most promising protein biomarkers identified so far.
由于触发的各种复杂分子机制、疾病相关相互作用的高度可变性以及疾病之间表现的重叠，许多疾病的早期诊断目的特异性和敏感的疾病相关生物标志物的发现仍然极具挑战性。人外周血单核细胞 (PBMC) 含有与基本免疫相互作用相对应的蛋白质特征。某些疾病会刺激 PBMC，并促进其蛋白质组的调节，这可以通过比较蛋白质组学方法有效地识别和评估。
在本综述中，我们详细调查了过去 15 年发表的各种疾病的 PBMC 衍生蛋白生物标志物候选物。文章被预先选择以仅包括比较蛋白质组学研究。
研究了 PBMC 衍生的生物标志物用于癌症、肾小球、神经退行性/神经发育、精神科、慢性炎症、自身免疫、内分泌、感染和其他疾病。对这些研究进行了详细回顾，包括蛋白质组学平台、提出的候选生物标志物、它们的免疫细胞类型特异性以及潜在的临床应用。
总体而言，PBMC 在为许多疾病提供早期诊断和预后生物标志物方面显示出了很大的潜力。PBMC 生物标志物研究的未来应该通过精心设计的比较研究和对迄今为止发现的最有前途的蛋白质生物标志物进行广泛测试来揭示其全部潜力。
