Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
Chemosphere. 2024 Jan;347:140626. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140626. Epub 2023 Nov 6.
Early childhood is important for neurodevelopment, and exposure to endocrine disruptors such as bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates in this period may cause neurodevelopmental disorders and delays. The present study examined the association between exposure to mixtures of BPA and three metabolites of phthalates in early childhood and IQ at 5 years of age. The Mother and Children's Environmental Health (MOCEH) study is a prospective birth cohort study conducted in Korea with 1751 pregnant women enrolled from 2006 to 2010. After excluding those without relevant data, 47 children were included in the final analysis. We measured children's urinary concentrations of metabolites of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (Bisphenol A, mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate, mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate and mono-(2-ethyl-5-butyl) phthalate) at ages of 24 and 36 months. We evaluated the children's IQ with the Korean Wechsler Intelligence Test at the age of 5 years. After adjusting for potential confounders, a multiple linear regression was conducted to examine the associations between individual endocrine-disrupting chemicals and the IQ of the children. Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression and quantile-based g-computation were used to assess the association between IQ at age 5 and exposure to mixtures of BPA and phthalates. In the single-chemical analyses, mono-(2-ethyl-5-butyl) phthalate exposure at 36 months was adversely associated with children's IQ (β = -4.93, 95% confidence interval (CI): -9.22, -0.64). In the WQS regression and quantile-based g-computation analyses, exposure to the mixture of BPA and phthalates was associated with lower IQ [β = -9.13 (P-value = 0.05) and β = -9.18 (P-value = 0.05), respectively]. The largest contributor to the overall association was exposure to mono-(2-ethyl-5-butyl) phthalate at 36 months. In the present study, postnatal exposure to mixtures of BPA and three metabolites of phthalates was associated with decreased IQ of children at age 5.
儿童早期对神经发育很重要，在此期间接触双酚 A（BPA）和邻苯二甲酸酯等内分泌干扰物可能会导致神经发育障碍和延迟。本研究调查了儿童早期接触 BPA 和三种邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物混合物与 5 岁时智商之间的关系。母亲和儿童环境健康（MOCEH）研究是一项在韩国进行的前瞻性出生队列研究，共有 1751 名孕妇于 2006 年至 2010 年期间参与。排除没有相关数据的孕妇后，最终有 47 名儿童纳入最终分析。我们在 24 个月和 36 个月时测量了儿童尿液中内分泌干扰化学物质（双酚 A、邻苯二甲酸单（2-乙基-5-氧己基）酯、邻苯二甲酸单（2-乙基-5-羟基己基）酯和邻苯二甲酸单（2-乙基-5-丁基）酯）代谢物的浓度。我们在 5 岁时使用韩国韦氏智力测验评估了儿童的智商。在调整潜在混杂因素后，进行多元线性回归以检验个体内分泌干扰化学物质与儿童智商之间的关系。加权分位数总和（WQS）回归和分位数基于的 g 计算用于评估 5 岁时智商与 BPA 和邻苯二甲酸酯混合物暴露之间的关系。在单化学物质分析中，36 个月时邻苯二甲酸单（2-乙基-5-丁基）酯的暴露与儿童的智商呈负相关（β=-4.93，95%置信区间（CI）：-9.22，-0.64）。在 WQS 回归和分位数基于的 g 计算分析中，BPA 和邻苯二甲酸酯混合物的暴露与较低的智商相关 [β=-9.13（P 值=0.05）和β=-9.18（P 值=0.05）]。对总体关联的最大贡献是 36 个月时邻苯二甲酸单（2-乙基-5-丁基）酯的暴露。在本研究中，出生后接触 BPA 和三种邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物混合物与 5 岁儿童的智商下降有关。
