Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilžės Str. 18, 47181, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių Av. 15, 50162, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2023 Nov 9;18(1):65. doi: 10.1186/s13011-023-00574-7.
The Baltic countries-Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia-are characterized by a high rate of fully alcohol-attributable mortality, compared with Poland. Alcohol control policy measures implemented since 2001 in the Baltic countries included a restriction on availability and an increase in excise taxation, among others. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the relationship between alcohol control policy implementation and alcohol-attributable mortality in the Baltic countries and Poland.
Alcohol-attributable mortality data for 2001-2020 was defined by codes 100% alcohol-attributable for persons aged 15 years and older in the Baltic countries and Poland. Alcohol control policies implemented between 2001 and 2020 were identified, and their impact on alcohol-attributable mortality was evaluated using an interrupted time-series methodology by employing a generalized additive model.
Alcohol-attributable mortality was significantly higher in the Baltic countries, compared with Poland, for both males and females. In the final reduced model, alcohol control policy significantly reduced male alcohol-attributable mortality by 7.60% in the 12 months post-policy implementation. For females, the alcohol control policy mean-shift effect was higher, resulting in a significant reduction of alcohol-attributable mortality by 10.77% in the 12 months post-policy implementation. The interaction effects of countries and policy tested in the full model were not statistically significant, which indicated that the impact of alcohol control policy on alcohol-attributable mortality did not differ across countries for both males and females.
Based on the findings of the current study, alcohol control policy in the form of reduced availability and increased taxation was associated with a reduction in alcohol-attributable mortality among both males and females.
与波兰相比，波罗的海国家（立陶宛、拉脱维亚和爱沙尼亚）的全归因于酒精的死亡率很高。自 2001 年以来，波罗的海国家实施的酒精控制政策措施除其他外包括限制供应和提高消费税。本研究的目的是评估波罗的海国家和波兰实施酒精控制政策与全归因于酒精的死亡率之间的关系。
将 2001 年至 2020 年期间 15 岁及以上人群全归因于酒精的死亡率数据定义为波罗的海国家和波兰的代码 100%归因于酒精。确定 2001 年至 2020 年期间实施的酒精控制政策，并使用广义相加模型通过中断时间序列方法评估其对全归因于酒精的死亡率的影响。
与波兰相比，男性和女性的全归因于酒精的死亡率在波罗的海国家均较高。在最终简化模型中，酒精控制政策在政策实施后 12 个月内使男性全归因于酒精的死亡率显著降低了 7.60%。对于女性，酒精控制政策的均值偏移效应更高，导致政策实施后 12 个月内全归因于酒精的死亡率显著降低了 10.77%。在全模型中测试的国家和政策的交互效应不具有统计学意义，这表明酒精控制政策对男性和女性全归因于酒精的死亡率的影响在各国之间没有差异。
根据本研究的结果，以减少供应和提高税收形式实施的酒精控制政策与男性和女性全归因于酒精的死亡率降低有关。
