Li Yang, Xing Yong-Mei, Murat Claude, Kohler Annegret, Zhou Dong-Yu, Yu Fu-Qiang, Chen Juan
Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Université de Lorraine, INRAE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, INRAE Grand Est - Nancy, Champenoux, France.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2023 Dec;205:108158. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108158. Epub 2023 Nov 2.
Tuber indicum is the most economically important member of Tuber, with the highest production and widest distribution in China. However, the overexploitation of immature ascocarps not only has driven wild resources of the species toward extinction, but also has caused enconomic losses and a decline in the reputation of T.indicum quality. In this study, stage-specific metabolites of T. indicum in relation to nutritional quality and the mechanism of their accumulations were explored by transcriptome and metabolome analysis at five harvest times, representing four maturation stages. A total of 663 compounds were identified in T. indicum ascocarps by a widely targeted metabolomic approach. Lipid compounds are the most prominent metabolites (18%) in our samples and also are higher accumulation at the immature stage than at mature stage, representing 30.16% differential accumulated metabolites in this stage. Levels of some of the amino acids, such as S-(methyl) glutathione, S-adenosylmethionine, which are known truffle aroma precursors, were increased at the mature stage. The gene expression level related to the biosynthesis of volatile organic compounds were verified by qPCR. This study contributes to the preliminary understanding of metabolites variations in T. indicum ascocarps during maturity for quality evaluation and truffle biology.
印度块菌是块菌属中经济价值最高的成员，在中国产量最高且分布最广。然而，对未成熟子囊果的过度采挖不仅导致该物种的野生资源濒临灭绝，还造成了经济损失以及印度块菌品质声誉的下降。在本研究中，通过转录组和代谢组分析，在代表四个成熟阶段的五个采收时间点，探究了印度块菌与营养品质相关的阶段特异性代谢产物及其积累机制。采用广泛靶向代谢组学方法在印度块菌子囊果中鉴定出总共663种化合物。脂质化合物是我们样本中最显著的代谢产物（占18%），并且在未成熟阶段的积累量高于成熟阶段，占该阶段差异积累代谢产物的30.16%。一些已知的松露香气前体氨基酸，如S-（甲基）谷胱甘肽、S-腺苷甲硫氨酸，在成熟阶段含量增加。通过qPCR验证了与挥发性有机化合物生物合成相关的基因表达水平。本研究有助于初步了解印度块菌子囊果成熟过程中的代谢产物变化，以用于品质评估和松露生物学研究。
