Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
J Cardiol. 2024 Feb;83(2):67-73. doi: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2023.10.009. Epub 2023 Nov 9.
The prevalence of heart failure has increased in many developed countries including Japan and the USA, due in large part to the aging of their populations. The lifetime risk of heart failure is now 20-30 % in the USA. Fortunately, there have been important advances in therapy that increase quality and length of life for those with heart failure. This review discusses the important advances in care including treatment and diagnosis and the new recommendations for this care from the recent American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA)/Heart Failure Society of America (HFSA) Guideline. Relevant studies that have been published since the guideline was released are also included. Of the many recommendations in the ACC/AHA/HFSA Guideline, this review focuses on the definition of heart failure, the medical treatments specific to left ventricular ejection fraction, use of devices for treatment and diagnosis, diagnosis and treatment of amyloidosis, treatment of iron deficiency, screening for asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction, use of patient reported outcomes, and tools for implementation.
心力衰竭在许多发达国家（包括日本和美国）的患病率都有所增加，这在很大程度上是由于这些国家的人口老龄化。目前，心力衰竭的终生风险在美国为 20-30%。幸运的是，心力衰竭的治疗方法取得了重要进展，提高了患者的生活质量和寿命。本文讨论了治疗方面的重要进展，包括治疗和诊断，以及最近美国心脏病学会（ACC）/美国心脏协会（AHA）/美国心力衰竭学会（HFSA）指南对这一治疗的新建议。还包括了自指南发布以来发表的相关研究。在 ACC/AHA/HFSA 指南的众多建议中，本文重点介绍了心力衰竭的定义、射血分数特定的医学治疗、设备在治疗和诊断中的应用、淀粉样变性的诊断和治疗、缺铁的治疗、无症状左心室功能障碍的筛查、患者报告结局的应用以及实施工具。
