Sensorimotor Neuroscience and Ageing Research Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.
School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
Sci Rep. 2023 Nov 10;13(1):19564. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-46592-0.
The ability to stop simple ongoing actions has been extensively studied using the stop signal task, but less is known about inhibition in more complex scenarios. Here we used a task requiring bimanual responses to go stimuli, but selective inhibition of only one of those responses following a stop signal. We assessed how proactive cues affect the nature of both the responding and stopping processes, and the well-documented stopping delay (interference effect) in the continuing action following successful stopping. In this task, estimates of the speed of inhibition based on a simple-stopping model are inappropriate, and have produced inconsistent findings about the effects of proactive control on motor inhibition. We instead used a multi-modal approach, based on improved methods of detecting and interpreting partial electromyographical responses and the recently proposed SIS (simultaneously inhibit and start) model of selective stopping behaviour. Our results provide clear and converging evidence that proactive cues reduce the stopping delay effect by slowing bimanual responses and speeding unimanual responses, with a negligible effect on the speed of the stopping process.
停止简单持续动作的能力已广泛使用停止信号任务进行研究，但在更复杂的场景中对抑制的了解较少。在这里，我们使用了一项需要双手反应的任务，但在收到停止信号后仅选择性地抑制其中一个反应。我们评估了主动提示如何影响反应和停止过程的性质，以及成功停止后继续进行的动作中已被充分记录的停止延迟（干扰效应）。在这个任务中，基于简单停止模型的抑制速度估计是不合适的，并且对主动控制对运动抑制的影响产生了不一致的发现。相反，我们使用了一种多模态方法，该方法基于检测和解释部分肌电图反应的改进方法以及最近提出的选择性停止行为的 SIS（同时抑制和启动）模型。我们的结果提供了明确和一致的证据，表明主动提示通过减缓双手反应和加快单手反应来减少停止延迟效应，对停止过程的速度几乎没有影响。
