Waqas Muhammad, Wong Man Sing, Stocchino Alessandro, Abbas Sawaid, Hafeez Sidrah, Zhu Rui
Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Institute of Land and Space, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2023 Dec;197:115746. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115746. Epub 2023 Nov 9.
The persistent plastic litter, originating from different sources and transported from rivers to oceans, has posed serious biological, ecological, and chemical effects on the marine ecosystem, and is considered a global issue. In the past decade, many studies have identified, monitored, and tracked marine plastic debris in coastal and open ocean areas using remote sensing technologies. Compared to traditional surveying methods, high-resolution (spatial and temporal) multispectral or hyperspectral remote sensing data have been substantially used to monitor floating marine macro litter (FMML). In this systematic review, we present an overview of remote sensing data and techniques for detecting FMML, as well as their challenges and opportunities. We reviewed the studies based on different sensors and platforms, spatial and spectral resolution, ground sampling data, plastic detection methods, and accuracy obtained in detecting marine litter. In addition, this study elaborates the usefulness of high-resolution remote sensing data in Visible (VIS), Near-infrared (NIR), and Short-Wave InfraRed (SWIR) range, along with spectral signatures of plastic, in-situ samples, and spectral indices for automatic detection of FMML. Moreover, the Thermal Infrared (TIR), Synthetic aperture radar (SAR), and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data were introduced and these were demonstrated that could be used as a supplement dataset for the identification and quantification of FMML.
源自不同来源并从河流输送至海洋的持久性塑料垃圾，已对海洋生态系统造成了严重的生物、生态和化学影响，被视为一个全球性问题。在过去十年中，许多研究利用遥感技术在沿海和公海区域识别、监测和追踪海洋塑料垃圾。与传统测量方法相比，高分辨率（空间和时间）多光谱或高光谱遥感数据已大量用于监测漂浮的海洋大型垃圾（FMML）。在本系统综述中，我们概述了用于检测FMML的遥感数据和技术，以及它们面临的挑战和机遇。我们基于不同的传感器和平台、空间和光谱分辨率、地面采样数据、塑料检测方法以及检测海洋垃圾时获得的精度对各项研究进行了综述。此外，本研究阐述了高分辨率遥感数据在可见光（VIS）、近红外（NIR）和短波红外（SWIR）波段的有用性，以及塑料的光谱特征、现场样本和用于自动检测FMML的光谱指数。此外，还介绍了热红外（TIR）、合成孔径雷达（SAR）和激光雷达（LiDAR）数据，并证明这些数据可作为识别和量化FMML的补充数据集。
