School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
Patient Educ Couns. 2024 Feb;119:108039. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2023.108039. Epub 2023 Nov 2.
Current dietary recommendations for MS suggest following national dietary guidelines developed for the general population. The aim of this study was to explore the interpretation of MS-targeted nutrition messages.
Using the Elaboration Likelihood Model of persuasion, three nutrition messages were developed targeting the strongest evidence for MS: vitamin D, dietary fat, and dietary diversity. Semi-structured interviews including the cognitive 'thinking-aloud' technique were used to test the messages with adults living with MS. Data were transcribed and coded thematically.
Theoretical saturation was reached by 15 interviews. The data corpus indicated three themes and seven subthemes. The data revealed that people living with MS changed their diet after MS diagnosis. Dietary change was due to uncertainty, fear of disease progression and risk of relapse. The admiration and scepticism of extremist MS diets depended on personal vulnerability and support from health care professionals. The unique MS journey appeared influential to message interpretation; driven by engagement, practicality, and credibility.
The interpretation of targeted nutrition messages revealed that dietary changes made after diagnosis are a coping mechanism to improve sense of control and self-management.
The potential psychological benefit of dietary change for MS management must be prioritised using person-centred care.
目前针对多发性硬化症的饮食建议建议遵循为一般人群制定的国家饮食指南。本研究的目的是探讨针对多发性硬化症的营养信息的解释。
本研究使用说服的详尽可能性模型，为针对多发性硬化症的最强证据制定了三个营养信息：维生素 D、膳食脂肪和饮食多样性。采用包括认知“思考 aloud”技术的半结构化访谈，用生活在多发性硬化症患者中测试这些信息。将数据转录并进行主题编码。
15 次访谈达到理论饱和度。数据语料库显示出三个主题和七个子主题。数据表明，多发性硬化症患者在诊断后改变了饮食。饮食改变是由于不确定性、对疾病进展和复发风险的恐惧。对极端多发性硬化症饮食的钦佩和怀疑取决于个人脆弱性和医疗保健专业人员的支持。独特的多发性硬化症之旅似乎对信息解释有影响；由参与、实用性和可信度驱动。
对目标营养信息的解释表明，诊断后做出的饮食改变是一种应对机制，可以提高控制感和自我管理感。
必须优先考虑饮食变化对多发性硬化症管理的潜在心理益处，采用以人为本的护理。
