Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
Cancer Nurs. 2010 Mar-Apr;33(2):102-9. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0b013e3181be5e8a.
There is a dearth of knowledge regarding factors that may motivate African American adolescents to consume healthier diets.
To develop and test cancer prevention messages based on Prospect Theory on motivation to improve dietary intake in African American adolescents and to explore other salient factors that may inform dietary intervention design and implementation in this population.
Semistructured in-person qualitative interviews were conducted with 13 African American male and female adolescents, aged 12 to 16 years, in North Carolina. Prospect Theory and message framing were used to guide the design of the 4 sets of diet-related messages related to cancer prevention: short-term, gain-framed; long-term, gain-framed; short-term, loss-framed; and long-term, loss-framed messages. Data were also collected on demographic, behavioral, and psychological factors; usual health behaviors; and preferences for intervention delivery.
Most respondents found the gain-framed, short-term messages most salient for both fruits/vegetables (8 [61.5%]) and fat consumption (7 [53.8%]). For fat consumption only, 2 (15.4%) found the loss-framed, short-term messages pertinent; none found the loss-framed, long-term messages relevant for either dietary variable. All indicated interest in participating in a dietary intervention/education program; most preferred the Internet as a channel for intervention delivery. Participants expressed diverse views regarding knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding healthy eating.
The gain-framed, short-term messages were most salient for motivating the majority of respondents to consume a healthy diet and most expressed a strong interest in participating in programs about diet and nutrition, with the Internet as the preferred communication channel.
Researchers conducting dietary interventions and education initiatives and medical professionals who counsel African American adolescents should consider using Prospect Theory as a theoretical framework, should focus on gain-framed, short-term messages regarding cancer prevention, and should use the Internet for data collection and intervention and information delivery.
关于可能促使非裔美国青少年改善饮食的因素，我们的了解还很匮乏。
根据前景理论，制定并测试可促进非裔美国青少年改善饮食摄入的癌症预防信息，并探索可能为该人群的饮食干预设计和实施提供信息的其他重要因素。
在北卡罗来纳州，对 13 名年龄在 12 岁至 16 岁的非裔美国男女青少年进行了半结构式的个人定性访谈。采用前景理论和信息框架设计了与癌症预防相关的 4 组饮食相关信息：短期、增益框架；长期、增益框架；短期、损失框架；长期、损失框架。还收集了人口统计学、行为和心理因素、常见健康行为以及干预措施实施偏好的数据。
大多数受访者认为，增益框架的短期信息对水果/蔬菜（8[61.5%]）和脂肪摄入（7[53.8%]）最有意义。只有 2 名（15.4%）受访者认为损失框架的短期信息与脂肪摄入有关；没有人认为这两种信息框架的长期信息与任何饮食变量有关。所有受访者均表示有兴趣参与饮食干预/教育计划；大多数人首选互联网作为干预手段。参与者对健康饮食的相关知识、态度和信念表达了不同的看法。
增益框架的短期信息对促使大多数受访者改善健康饮食最有意义，大多数受访者对参与有关饮食和营养的项目表现出强烈的兴趣，首选互联网作为沟通渠道。
进行饮食干预和教育计划的研究人员以及为非裔美国青少年提供咨询服务的医疗专业人员，应考虑将前景理论作为理论框架，重点关注癌症预防的增益框架短期信息，并利用互联网进行数据收集、干预和信息传递。
