Predictive estimation of ovine hip joint centers: A regression approach.

Estimation of the hip joint center in ovine biomechanical analysis is often overlooked or estimated using a marker on the greater trochanter which can result in large errors that propagate through subsequent analyses. The purpose of this study was to develop a novel method of estimating the hip joint centers in sheep to facilitate more accurate analysis of ovine biomechanics. CT scans from 16 sheep of varying ages, weight, sex, and phenotypes were acquired and the data was used to calculate the known hip joint center by sphere fitting the femoral head. Anatomical measurements and additional subject information were used to create a variety of regression models to estimate the hip joint centers in absence of CT data. The best regression equation created utilized markers placed on the tuber coxae and tuber ischii of the pelvis and resulted in a mean 3D Euclidean distance error of 6.43 ± 2.22 mm (mean ± standard deviation) between the known and estimated hip joint center. The regression models produced allow for more detailed, accurate and robust analysis of sheep biomechanics.