Sobhan Abdus, Saedi Shahab, Hoff Magdalene, Liang Yaohua, Muthukumarappan Kasiviswanathan
Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Oct 29;15(21):4255. doi: 10.3390/polym15214255.
Bio-based epoxy resin materials have obtained significant attention in the packaging industry due to concerns about the environmental and economic impacts of traditional petroleum-based plastics. The aim of this research is to improve bio-based resins' properties by investigating varying formic acid contents in the presence of a green catalyst and characterizing their physical, chemical, and mechanical properties for further scaled-up bio-based resin production for industrial packaging applications. The crude soybean oil was epoxidized with formic acid as an oxidizing agent at varying equivalent weights of 10:1 to 10:10 of soybean oil: formic acid in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and choline chloride-oxalic acid as a bi-functional green catalyst. The effect of increasing the amount of formic acid used to epoxidize crude soybean oil was evaluated with infrared (IR) spectroscopy, rheological, and epoxy yield measurements. The results demonstrated that formic acid significantly influenced the epoxidation of soybean oil, leading to a higher conversion of carbon-carbon double bonds, with a selectivity of 98% when the ratio of soybean oil to formic acid was between 10:5 and 10:10. The bio-resin film was formulated using the improved epoxidized soybean oils-from ESO (10:2.5) to ESO (10:10)-and equal amounts of acrylic acid. The results showed that resin films led to an improvement in tensile strength (ca. 180 MPa) and thermal stability at 360 °C. Although further research is necessary, this study provides valuable insights for designing an effective epoxidation process for renewable sources and developing bio-resin materials for future packaging applications.
由于对传统石油基塑料的环境和经济影响的担忧，生物基环氧树脂材料在包装行业受到了广泛关注。本研究的目的是通过研究在绿色催化剂存在下不同甲酸含量来改善生物基树脂的性能，并对其物理、化学和机械性能进行表征，以进一步扩大生物基树脂的生产规模，用于工业包装应用。在过氧化氢和胆碱氯-草酸作为双功能绿色催化剂的存在下，以甲酸为氧化剂，将粗大豆油在大豆油与甲酸的当量比为10:1至10:10的条件下进行环氧化。通过红外光谱、流变学和环氧产率测量来评估增加用于环氧化粗大豆油的甲酸用量的效果。结果表明，甲酸对大豆油的环氧化有显著影响，导致碳-碳双键的转化率更高，当大豆油与甲酸的比例在10:5至10:10之间时，选择性为98%。使用改进的环氧化大豆油——从ESO（10:2.5）到ESO（10:10）——和等量的丙烯酸配制生物树脂膜。结果表明，树脂膜使拉伸强度（约180 MPa）和360℃下的热稳定性得到了提高。尽管还需要进一步研究，但本研究为设计有效的可再生资源环氧化工艺和开发用于未来包装应用的生物树脂材料提供了有价值的见解。
