Powers Jackson, Jang Yeongseon
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, 1006 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States.
Biomacromolecules. 2023 Dec 11;24(12):5539-5550. doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00879. Epub 2023 Nov 14.
Synthetic cells are artificial constructs that mimic the structures and functions of living cells. They are attractive for studying diverse biochemical processes and elucidating the origins of life. While creating a living synthetic cell remains a grand challenge, researchers have successfully synthesized hundreds of unique synthetic cell platforms. One promising approach to developing more sophisticated synthetic cells is to integrate cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) mechanisms into vesicle platforms. This makes it possible to create synthetic cells with complex biomimetic functions such as genetic circuits, autonomous membrane modifications, sensing and communication, and artificial organelles. This Review explores recent advances in the use of CFPS to impart advanced biomimetic structures and functions to bottom-up synthetic cell platforms. We also discuss the potential applications of synthetic cells in biomedicine as well as the future directions of synthetic cell research.
合成细胞是模仿活细胞结构和功能的人工构建体。它们对于研究各种生化过程和阐明生命起源具有吸引力。虽然创造一个活的合成细胞仍然是一个巨大的挑战，但研究人员已经成功合成了数百个独特的合成细胞平台。开发更复杂合成细胞的一种有前景的方法是将无细胞蛋白质合成（CFPS）机制整合到囊泡平台中。这使得创建具有复杂仿生功能（如遗传电路、自主膜修饰、传感与通信以及人工细胞器）的合成细胞成为可能。本综述探讨了利用CFPS为自下而上的合成细胞平台赋予先进仿生结构和功能的最新进展。我们还讨论了合成细胞在生物医学中的潜在应用以及合成细胞研究的未来方向。
