Dalmau Marguerite, Coulter Chris, O'Connor Bridget, Robson Jennifer, Field Emma, Lambert Stephen
Communicable Diseases Branch, Department of Health, Queensland Health, Brisbane; National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra.
Communicable Diseases Branch, Department of Health, Queensland Health, Brisbane; Queensland Mycobacterium Reference Laboratory, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane.
Commun Dis Intell (2018). 2023 Nov 16;47. doi: 10.33321/cdi.2023.47.71.
Background Australia is aiming to reach tuberculosis pre-elimination targets by 2035. As a low-incidence setting, control efforts will increasingly rely on the management of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). We undertook this descriptive analysis to assess the recent trends of LTBI testing in Queensland. Methods Our objective was to describe the features of LTBI testing in Queensland, and to estimate the range of possible annual notifications were it to be made a notifiable condition. We collated both state-wide and region-specific data on tuberculin skin testing (TST) and interferon gamma release assays (IGRA) conducted in Queensland during the five-year period 1 January 2016 - 31 December 2020. We used reports on Medicare-funded TST and IGRA testing in Queensland, as well as tuberculosis notification data, to understand the representativeness of our data and to derive state-wide estimates. Results We analysed 3,899 public TST, 5,463 private TST, 37,802 public pathology IGRA, and 31,656 private pathology IGRA results. The median age of people tested was 31 years; 57% of those tested were female. From our data sources, an annual average of 1,067 positive IGRA and 354 positive TST results occurred in Queensland. Building on this minimum value, we estimate possible latent tuberculosis notifications in Queensland could range from 2,901 to 6,995 per annum. Private laboratory TSTs are estimated to contribute the lowest number of potential notifications (range: 170-340), followed by private laboratory IGRA testing (range: 354-922), public laboratory IGRA testing (range: 706-1,138), and public setting TSTs (range: 1,671-4,595). Conclusion If LTBI were to be made notifiable, these estimates would place it among the ten most notified conditions in Queensland. This has implications for potential surveillance methods and goals, and their associated system and resource requirements.
背景 澳大利亚的目标是到2035年实现结核病消除前目标。作为一个低发病率地区，防控工作将越来越依赖于潜伏性结核感染（LTBI）的管理。我们进行了这项描述性分析，以评估昆士兰州LTBI检测的近期趋势。方法 我们的目标是描述昆士兰州LTBI检测的特征，并估计如果将其列为应报告疾病，每年可能的报告范围。我们整理了2016年1月1日至2020年12月31日这五年期间在昆士兰州进行的结核菌素皮肤试验（TST）和干扰素γ释放试验（IGRA）的全州及特定地区数据。我们利用昆士兰州医疗保险资助的TST和IGRA检测报告以及结核病报告数据，来了解我们数据的代表性并得出全州估计值。结果 我们分析了3899份公共TST、5463份私人TST、37802份公共病理IGRA和31656份私人病理IGRA结果。接受检测者的年龄中位数为31岁；57%的受检者为女性。从我们的数据来源来看，昆士兰州每年平均有1067份IGRA阳性结果和354份TST阳性结果。基于这个最小值，我们估计昆士兰州每年可能的潜伏性结核病报告数在2901至6995例之间。据估计，私人实验室TST产生的潜在报告数最少（范围：170 - 340），其次是私人实验室IGRA检测（范围：354 - 922）、公共实验室IGRA检测（范围：706 - 1138）和公共机构TST（范围：1671 - 4595）。结论 如果将LTBI列为应报告疾病，这些估计数将使其成为昆士兰州报告数最多的十种疾病之一。这对潜在的监测方法和目标及其相关的系统和资源需求具有影响。
