Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Crit Rev Microbiol. 2024 Sep;50(5):830-858. doi: 10.1080/1040841X.2023.2282459. Epub 2023 Nov 15.
can efficiently adapt to changing environmental conditions due to its ubiquitous nature, intrinsic/acquired/adaptive resistance mechanisms, high metabolic versatility, and the production of numerous virulence factors. As a result, becomes an opportunistic pathogen, causing chronic infection in the lungs and several organs of patients suffering from cystic fibrosis. Biofilm established by in host tissues and medical device surfaces has been identified as a major obstruction to antimicrobial therapy. is very likely to be closely associated with the various microorganisms in the host tissues or organs in a pathogenic or nonpathogenic behavior. Aside from host-derived molecules, other beneficial and pathogenic microorganisms produce a diverse range of secondary metabolites that either directly or indirectly favor the persistence of . Thus, it is critical to understand how interacts with different molecules and ions in the host and abiotic environment to produce extracellular polymeric substances and virulence factors. Thus, the current review discusses how various natural and synthetic molecules in the environment induce biofilm formation and the production of multiple virulence factors.
能够高效地适应环境条件的变化,这要归功于其普遍存在的特性、内在/获得性/适应性耐药机制、高度的代谢多样性,以及产生大量毒力因子的能力。因此,成为了一种机会性病原体,导致囊性纤维化患者的肺部和几个器官的慢性感染。已经确定,在宿主组织和医疗器械表面建立的生物膜是抗菌治疗的主要障碍。在致病或非致病行为中,很可能与宿主组织或器官中的各种微生物密切相关。除了宿主来源的分子外,其他有益和致病微生物还产生了广泛的次生代谢产物,这些产物直接或间接地有利于的持续存在。因此,了解如何与宿主和非生物环境中的不同分子和离子相互作用以产生细胞外聚合物和毒力因子是至关重要的。因此,本综述讨论了环境中的各种天然和合成分子如何诱导生物膜形成和多种毒力因子的产生。