Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
Microbiology Clinical Laboratory, University Hospital of the Lord's Transfiguration, Poznań, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2021 Jun 14;28(2):306-313. doi: 10.26444/aaem/122682. Epub 2020 Jun 4.
is an opportunistic pathogen that causes difficult with treating infections, especially in the immunocompromised and patients with some underlying disease. The aim of the study is to assess the antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and the presence of genes encoding various virulence factors in clinical isolates of .
Seventy-three clinical isolates of were tested. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) and carbapenemases production was performed in accordance with the EUCAST guidelines. The ability to form biofilm was assessed by crystal violet assay. Genes encoding selected virulence factors were detected using standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Among the 73 clinical isolates of , 41.1% were resistant to imipenem, 61.6% to meropenem, 30.1% to ciprofloxacin and 15.1% to tobramycin. Over 20% of isolates were producers of MBL. Antibiotic resistance profiling revealed that 23.3% of strains were sensitive to all antibiotics, 60.3% were LDR phenotype, and 16.4% were MDR phenotype. The majority of strains (73.6%) were strong-biofilm producers, 17.0% were moderate and 9.4% were weak biofilm producers. PCR analysis showed the presence of , and genes in most of the tested strains (93.1%, 87.7% and 74.0%, respectively). Among strong biofilm producers, 22.2% were MDR, 63.0% of strains represented LDR phenotype, and 14.8% were sensitive to all antibiotics. Moderate and weak biofilm producers were LDR and sensitive phenotypes only (respectively, 58.3% and 42.9 - LDR, 41.7 and 51.7% - sensitive).
High frequency of MDR strains and their ability of biofilm formation and virulence factors may be a threat to effective therapy, and can increase morbidity and mortality of infected patients.
是一种机会性病原体，可导致免疫功能低下和患有某些基础疾病的患者的感染难以治疗。本研究的目的是评估临床分离株的抗生素耐药性、生物膜形成以及编码各种毒力因子的基因的存在情况。
对 73 株临床分离株进行了检测。按照 EUCAST 指南进行抗菌药物敏感性试验（AST）和碳青霉烯酶产生检测。通过结晶紫法评估生物膜形成能力。使用标准聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测编码选定毒力因子的基因。
在 73 株临床分离株中，41.1%对亚胺培南耐药，61.6%对美罗培南耐药，30.1%对环丙沙星耐药，15.1%对妥布霉素耐药。超过 20%的分离株是 MBL 的产生者。抗生素耐药谱分析显示，23.3%的菌株对所有抗生素均敏感，60.3%为 LDR 表型，16.4%为 MDR 表型。大多数菌株（73.6%）为强生物膜生产者，17.0%为中强度生物膜生产者，9.4%为弱生物膜生产者。PCR 分析显示，大多数测试菌株（分别为 93.1%、87.7%和 74.0%）均存在、和 基因。在强生物膜生产者中，22.2%为 MDR，63.0%的菌株为 LDR 表型，14.8%对所有抗生素敏感。中强度和弱生物膜生产者仅为 LDR 和敏感表型（分别为 58.3%和 42.9%为 LDR，41.7%和 51.7%为敏感）。
MDR 株的高频率及其生物膜形成和毒力因子的能力可能对有效治疗构成威胁，并可能增加感染患者的发病率和死亡率。
