Bakhshi Tayebeh, Ahmadi Farajollah Shahriari, Sarbarzeh Mostafa Aghaee, Mehrabi Rahim, Seifi Alireza
Department of Crop Biotechnology and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran.
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) Karaj Iran.
Food Sci Nutr. 2023 Oct 9;11(11):6854-6867. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.3578. eCollection 2023 Nov.
One of the most devastating foliar diseases of wheat worldwide is Septoria leaf blotch (STB), caused by (asexual stage/Anamorph: ) which has been recently intensified in some regions in Iran. In this study, 49 wheat genotypes and 20 wheat differential genotypes were evaluated for their reaction to infection by six isolates of collected from infected fields during 2016-2017 at seedling stage under greenhouse conditions. According to the analysis of variance (ANOVA) of leaf pycnidia coverage percentage, a significant difference ( < .01) was observed between isolates and wheat cultivars. The interaction between genotypes and isolates was also significant ( < .01) and the results indicated a specific interaction between genotypes and isolates. The results presented Dezful and West Azerbaijan isolates that were the most virulent with more pathogenesis on differential genotypes. Although 47 of the wheat genotypes were susceptible to all isolates, some genotypes, including Wc-46,224 (Austria), Wc-45,425 (Portugal), Wc-45,565 (Turkey), P.S.No4 (Italy), Dehdasht, M3 Synthetic, KavKaz-k4500, Arina, Flame, and Riband were resistant to all isolates. In addition, the isolates exhibited different virulence patterns on wheat genotypes. The results of this study revealed high virulence of isolates, and Iranian and foreign wheat genotypes, commonly used in the region, presented high susceptibility, and the resistance sources had been identified among genotypes that can be applied in the wheat breeding programs.
小麦叶枯病是全球范围内对小麦危害最大的叶部病害之一，由壳针孢属真菌（无性阶段/无性型：壳针孢属）引起，最近在伊朗的一些地区病情加剧。在本研究中，对49个小麦基因型和20个小麦鉴别基因型在温室条件下的苗期对2016 - 2017年从感染田采集的6个壳针孢属分离株感染的反应进行了评估。根据叶部分生孢子器覆盖百分比的方差分析（ANOVA），在壳针孢属分离株和小麦品种之间观察到显著差异（P < 0.01）。基因型与分离株之间的相互作用也很显著（P < 0.01），结果表明基因型与分离株之间存在特定的相互作用。结果显示，迪兹富勒和西阿塞拜疆分离株毒性最强，对鉴别基因型的致病力更强。虽然47个小麦基因型对所有分离株均易感，但一些基因型，包括Wc - 46,224（奥地利）、Wc - 45,425（葡萄牙）、Wc - 45,565（土耳其）、P.S.No4（意大利）、德赫达什特、M3合成种、高加索 - k4500、阿丽娜、弗拉姆和里班德对所有分离株均具有抗性。此外，分离株在小麦基因型上表现出不同的毒力模式。本研究结果揭示了壳针孢属分离株的高毒性，该地区常用的伊朗和国外小麦基因型表现出高易感性，并且已在可应用于小麦育种计划的基因型中鉴定出抗性来源。
