Altern Ther Health Med. 2024 Jul;30(7):184-191.
To investigate the diagnostic value of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), prostate-specific antigen isomer 2 (p2PSA) combined with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in prostate cancer (PCa).
From October 1, 2019 to September 1, 2022 we enrolled a total of 90 patients with PCa90 patients with PCa in the urology department of our hospital were selected as the PCa group, 90 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were selected as the BPH group, and 90 healthy people were selected as a healthy control group. The levels of TGF-β1, p2PSA and PSA in serum were detected, and the differences in TGF-β1, p2PSA and PSA levels among the three groups and PCa patients with different pathological parameters were compared. Univariate and Logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the independent risk factors affecting the occurrence of PCa. With pathological results as the 'gold standard', the diagnostic efficacy of TGF-β1, p2PSA and PSA alone and their combination for PCa was analyzed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
The levels of serum PSA, p2PSA, and TGF-β1 in the PCa group were higher than those in the BPH group and control group (P < .001), and those in BPH group were higher than those in the control group (P < .001). The serum indexes of PCa group increased with the increase of Glerson grade and TNM stage (P < .001). The serum indexes of patients with lymph and bone metastasis were significantly higher than those without lymph and bone metastasis (P < .001). Logistic regression analysis showed that PSA, p2PSA and TGF-β1 were independent risk factors for PCa (P < .001). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of PSA, p2PSA, TGF-β1 and combined detection were 0.738, 0.862, 0.821 and 0.932, respectively. The AUC of combined detection was greater than that of single detection (P < .001).
The expression levels of serum TGF-β1, p2PSA and PSA are related to PCa and are independent risk factors for PCa. The combined detection of the three groups can improve the diagnostic efficacy of PCa. Combined testing improves diagnostic accuracy for prostate cancer, allows for early intervention, and improves patient survival and confidence in treatment options. This will significantly improve the clinical management of prostate cancer. Future studies could explore other biomarkers or molecular indicators to further improve the accuracy of diagnosis and grading of prostate cancer. Additionally, differences between different populations and subtypes can be studied to better understand the heterogeneity of prostate cancer.
探讨转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）、前列腺特异性抗原同型 2（p2PSA）与前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）联合检测在前列腺癌（PCa）中的诊断价值。
选取 2019 年 10 月 1 日至 2022 年 9 月 1 日我院泌尿科收治的 90 例 PCa 患者为 PCa 组，同期收治的 90 例良性前列腺增生（BPH）患者为 BPH 组，同期收治的 90 例健康体检者为健康对照组。检测血清中 TGF-β1、p2PSA 和 PSA 的水平，比较三组和 PCa 患者不同病理参数患者 TGF-β1、p2PSA 和 PSA 水平的差异。采用单因素和 Logistic 回归分析影响 PCa 发生的独立危险因素。以病理结果为“金标准”，采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析 TGF-β1、p2PSA 和 PSA 单独及联合检测对 PCa 的诊断效能。
PCa 组患者血清 PSA、p2PSA 和 TGF-β1 水平高于 BPH 组和对照组（P＜0.001），BPH 组高于对照组（P＜0.001）。PCa 组患者的血清指标随 Gleason 分级和 TNM 分期的升高而升高（P＜0.001）。有淋巴和骨转移的患者血清指标明显高于无淋巴和骨转移的患者（P＜0.001）。Logistic 回归分析显示，PSA、p2PSA 和 TGF-β1 是 PCa 的独立危险因素（P＜0.001）。PSA、p2PSA、TGF-β1 及联合检测的 ROC 曲线下面积（AUC）分别为 0.738、0.862、0.821 和 0.932，联合检测的 AUC 大于单项检测（P＜0.001）。
血清 TGF-β1、p2PSA 和 PSA 的表达水平与 PCa 有关，是 PCa 的独立危险因素。三组联合检测可提高 PCa 的诊断效能。联合检测提高了前列腺癌的诊断准确性，可实现早期干预，提高患者对治疗方案的生存和信心。这将显著改善前列腺癌的临床管理。未来的研究可以探索其他生物标志物或分子指标，以进一步提高前列腺癌的诊断和分级的准确性。此外，可以研究不同人群和亚型之间的差异，以更好地了解前列腺癌的异质性。
