Altern Ther Health Med. 2024 Jul;30(7):78-83.
To explore the value of sports and functional exercises in preventing falls in elderly patients with cognitive impairment.
PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, Wanfang Database, and China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), from inception to January 2023, were used to search the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of sports and functional exercises in elderly patients with cognitive impairment. Two independent researchers extracted the data and evaluated the quality of the included literature. RevMan5.4 software was adopted for data analysis.
The results indicated that exercise combined with functional exercise could noticeably enhance the fall effect score and shorten the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) time of elderly patients with cognitive impairment compared to simple drug treatment (P < .05). Our results showed that the exercise combined with functional exercise can noticeably prolong the standing time of elderly patients with cognitive impairment upon monocular eye closure. Our results also showed that exercise combined with functional exercise can noticeably improve the fear of falls in elderly patients with cognitive impairment.
Sports and functional exercise intervention can promote the balance ability and fall self-efficacy of elderly patients with cognitive impairment and have a positive effect on enhancing patients' fear of falls. The findings need to be further verified and methodological quality needs to be improved. In addition, longer intervention times are required to verify the findings.
探讨运动和功能锻炼在预防认知障碍老年患者跌倒中的价值。
检索 PubMed、EMBASE、Cochrane 图书馆、中国知网、维普、万方数据库和中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM），自建库至 2023 年 1 月，纳入运动和功能锻炼用于预防认知障碍老年患者跌倒的随机对照试验（RCT）。由 2 位研究者独立提取资料并评价纳入文献质量，采用 RevMan5.4 软件进行数据分析。
运动联合功能锻炼可明显提高认知障碍老年患者跌倒效果评分，缩短计时起立行走试验（TUGT）时间，与单纯药物治疗比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。运动联合功能锻炼可明显延长认知障碍老年患者单眼闭合时的站立时间，改善患者跌倒恐惧。
运动和功能锻炼干预能促进认知障碍老年患者平衡能力和跌倒自我效能，对增强患者跌倒恐惧有积极作用。结论尚需进一步验证，且方法学质量需提高，还需要更长的干预时间来验证结论。
