Natural Product Biotechnology Group, Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721 302, India.
Natural Product Biotechnology Group, Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721 302, India.
J Photochem Photobiol B. 2023 Dec;249:112812. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112812. Epub 2023 Nov 4.
Light-Emitting Diodes (LED) play a major role in manipulating light spectra that helps in regulating the growth and specialized metabolite synthesis relevant to the plant defence system. In this study, we assessed photosynthetic performance, phytonutrients, and anatomical variations of an aromatic herb Anethum graveolens (also known as dill), grown under various combinations of LED lights viz. red (100R:0B), red:blue (50R:50B); blue (0R:100B) and warm white (WW, served as control). Exposure to 0R:100B LED lights led to the tallest stem height, whereas, the number of leaves were highest under 50R:50B LED lights. The photosynthetic performance was observed to be highest under 50R:50B LED lights. HPLC analysis revealed chlorogenic acid and rosmarinic acid as the major phenolic compounds accumulated under different spectral irradiations. The highest chlorogenic acid content was observed in 50R:50B LED treated dill plants, while 100R:0B light showed the highest accumulation of rosmarinic acid. Dill plants grown under 50R:50B light displayed a relatively higher content of volatile compounds including, myristicin (phenylpropene), psi-limonene, and α-phellandrene (monoterpenoids). Expression analyses of candidate genes of phenylpropanoid and monoterpenoid biosynthetic pathways showed good correlations with the enhanced phenolic compounds and monoterpenes detected under appropriate light treatments. Further, the stem anatomy revealed higher vascularization under the influence of 0R:100B LED lights, whereas, intense histochemical localization of specialized metabolites could be correlated with enhanced accumulation of phenolic compounds and terpenoids observed in this study. Taken together, these studies suggest that proper combinations of blue and red spectra of light could play important role to augment the growth and phytochemical characteristics of dill, thus improving its value addition in the food industry.
发光二极管（LED）在调控与植物防御系统相关的生长和特殊代谢物合成的光光谱方面发挥着重要作用。在这项研究中，我们评估了不同 LED 灯光组合下生长的芳香草本植物莳萝（也称为莳萝）的光合作用性能、植物营养素和解剖结构变化，这些组合包括红光（100R:0B）、红蓝光（50R:50B）；蓝光（0R:100B）和暖白光（WW，作为对照）。暴露在 0R:100B LED 灯光下导致茎干最高，而在 50R:50B LED 灯光下叶子数量最多。观察到 50R:50B LED 灯光下的光合作用性能最高。HPLC 分析显示，在不同光谱辐照下积累的主要酚类化合物为绿原酸和迷迭香酸。在 50R:50B LED 处理的莳萝植物中观察到最高的绿原酸含量，而 100R:0B 光显示出最高的迷迭香酸积累。在 50R:50B 光下生长的莳萝植物显示出相对较高的挥发性化合物含量，包括枯茗醛（苯丙素）、ψ-柠檬烯和α-水芹烯（单萜）。苯丙素和单萜生物合成途径候选基因的表达分析与在适当光照处理下检测到的增强的酚类化合物和单萜类化合物具有良好的相关性。此外，茎干解剖结构显示，在 0R:100B LED 光的影响下有更高的血管化，而特殊代谢物的强烈组织化学定位可以与本研究中观察到的酚类化合物和萜烯类化合物的增强积累相关。总之，这些研究表明，适当组合的蓝红光谱光可能在增强莳萝的生长和植物化学特性方面发挥重要作用，从而提高其在食品工业中的附加值。
