College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, Sichuan, China.
School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Jan;254(Pt 3):128024. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128024. Epub 2023 Nov 14.
The cocoon silk of silkworms (Bombyx mori) has multiple potential applications in biomedicine due to its good biocompatibility, mechanical properties, degradability, and plasticity. Numerous studies have confirmed that silk material dressings are more effective than traditional ones in the skin wound healing process. Silk material research has recently moved toward functionalized biomaterials and achieved remarkable results. Herein, we summarize the recent advances in functionalized silk materials and their efficacy in skin wound healing. In particular, transgenic technology has realized the specific expression of human growth factors in the silk glands of the silkworms, which lays the foundation for fabricating novel and low-cost functionalized materials. Without a green and safe preparation process, the best raw silk materials cannot be made into medically safe products. Therefore, we provide an overview of green and gentle approaches for silk degumming and silk sericin (SS) extraction. Moreover, we summarize and discuss the processing methods of silk fibroin (SF) and SS materials and their potential applications, such as burns, diabetic wounds, and other wounds. This review aims to enhance our understanding of new advances and directions in silk materials and guide future biomedical research.
家蚕茧丝由于其良好的生物相容性、机械性能、可降解性和可塑性，在生物医学领域具有多种潜在应用。大量研究证实，丝材敷料在皮肤伤口愈合过程中的效果优于传统敷料。丝材研究最近已转向功能化生物材料，并取得了显著成果。本文总结了功能化丝材的最新进展及其在皮肤伤口愈合中的功效。特别是，转基因技术已经实现在家蚕丝腺中特异性表达人类生长因子，为制备新型、低成本的功能化材料奠定了基础。如果没有绿色、安全的制备工艺，就无法用最好的生丝原料制造出医用安全产品。因此，我们概述了丝胶提取的绿色温和脱胶方法。此外，我们总结和讨论了丝素（SF）和丝胶（SS）材料的处理方法及其在烧伤、糖尿病伤口等伤口中的潜在应用。本文旨在增强我们对丝材新进展和新方向的理解，并指导未来的生物医学研究。
